Table 5.
Patient characteristics, echocardiographic and blood parameters, number of hospitalizations and in-hospital length of stay in patients with chronic systolic heart failure who received levosimendan treatment in those classified as super-responders and remaining patients.
| Super-responders n = 7 | Remaining patients n = 18 | |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Male | 3 (43) | 16 (89) |
| Female | 4 (57) | 2 (11) |
| Aetiology | ||
| Ischaemic | 4 (57) | 17 (94) |
| Non-ischaemic | 3 (43) | 1 (6) |
| Age, years | 64.75 ± 5.60a | 74.82 ± 8.42 |
| NYHA class | 2.79 ± 0.39 | 3.11 ± 0.38 |
| Hypertension | 2 (29) | 14 (78) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1 (14) | 4 (22) |
| Obesity | 1 (14) | 6 (33) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1 (14) | 6 (33) |
| Left bundle branch block | 1 (14) | 14 (78) |
| Implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy or cardiac resynchronization therapy | 5 (71) | 13 (72) |
| β-Blockers | 7 (100) | 14 (78) |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin II type 2 receptor blockers | 7 (100) | 15 (83) |
| Mineralocorticoid drugs | 2 (29) | 5 (28) |
| Loop diuretics | 7 (100) | 18 (100) |
| 3C-HF score 1-year mortality, % | 24.57 ± 23.96 | 31.16 ± 13.89 |
| Blood parameters | ||
| B-type natriuretic peptide, ng/l | 677.2 ± 280.5a | 1007.9 ± 773.4 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.9 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, ml/min | 48.8 ± 16.4 | 41.8 ± 35.5 |
| Echocardiographic parameters | ||
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 28.8 ± 7.6 | 26.9 ± 6.0 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume, ml | 199.3 ± 53.5 | 209.5 ± 52.2 |
| E/E′ ratio | N/A | 21.7 ± 7.7 |
| Mitral regurgitation index | N/A | 2.24 ± 0.8 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg | 49.7 ± 7.8 | 56.3 ± 6.9 |
| No. of hospitalizations/patient | ||
| 6 months before baseline | 1.42 ± 0.79 | 0.88 ± 0.75 |
| After 6 months’ follow-up | —a | 0.31 ± 0.10 |
| After 12 months’ follow-up | 1.12 ± 0.39a | 2.02 ± 0.08 |
| Length of stay in hospital/patient, days | ||
| 6 months before baseline | 11.28 ± 10.78 | 8.19 ± 10.12 |
| After 6 months’ follow-up | —a | 9.19 ± 13.12 |
| After 12 months’ follow-up | 1.82 ± 0.51a | 6.16 ± 9.19 |
NYHA, New York Heart Association; 3C-HF score, cardiac and comorbid conditions heart failure score; N/A, not available.
Data presented as number of patients (%) or mean ± SD.
a
P < 0.05 compared with remaining patients using unpaired Student’s t-test.