Figure 5.

Relative expression of M1-associated genes by RT-PCR. Expression levels normalized to control (contralateral cortex), n = 5 per group. Expression of M1 markers iNOS (a, p < 0.01) and IL1β (b, p < 0.01) is downregulated by posttraumatic hypothermia (4 h). IL1-α (c) shows a trend at 4 h to be decreased by hypothermia although it did not reach significance and TNF-α, IL6, and IL12 (d–f) were not affected by hypothermic treatment in this experiment. RT-PCR: reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.