Table 3.

Risk of Depression and Sleep Difficulty in Celiac Disease and PWAGs

Variable	OR (95% CI) for depression	p value	OR (95% CI) for sleep difficulty	p value
Model 1a
Controls	1.00	—	1.00	—
Diagnosed CD	0.99 (0.17 – 5.88)	0.99	2.41 (1.04 – 5.60)	0.04
Undiagnosed CD	0.26 (0.07 – 0.96)	0.04	1.31 (0.55 – 3.11)	0.55
PWAG	0.34 (0.17 – 0.69)	0.003	1.37 (0.93 – 2.04)	0.11
Model 2b
Controls	1.00	—	1.00	—
Diagnosed CD	0.90 (0.15 – 5.46)	0.91	1.99 (0.91 – 4.37)	0.08
Undiagnosed CD	0.25 (0.06 – 0.98)	0.046	1.40 (0.61 – 3.22)	0.43
PWAG	0.30 (0.15 – 0.62)	0.001	1.31 (0.89 – 1.93)	0.17
Model 3c
Controls	1.00	—	1.00	—
Diagnosed CD	1.00 (0.13 – 7.65)	0.99	1.82 (0.77 – 4.30)	0.17
Undiagnosed CD	0.30 (0.08 – 1.19)	0.09	1.51 (0.60 – 3.80)	0.39
PWAG	0.25 (0.12 – 0.51)	0.0001	1.17 (0.77 – 1.78)	0.46

^aUnadjusted

^bAdjusted for age and gender

^cAdjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, annual household income, number of healthcare visits, and presence of health insurance