Table 2.

Univariable and Multivariable Predictors of Overall Survival Among Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Predictor	Univariable Analysis			Multivariable Analysis
	HR	95% CI	P	HR	95% CI	P
Age at Metastases	1.03	1.01–1.05	<0.001	1.04	1.02–1.06	<0.001
Year of Metastases	0.92	0.88–0.96	<0.001	0.93	0.89–0.98	0.003
Race
Non-black	ref.			ref.
Black	0.72	0.52–0.997	0.048	0.85	0.59–1.22	0.381
Treatment Center
Center 1	ref.			ref.
Center 2	1.13	1.02–1.25	0.021	1.18	0.83–1.68	0.366
Biopsy Gleason score
2–6	ref.			ref.
3+4	0.59	0.34–1.02	0.059	0.77	0.43–1.37	0.389
4+3, 8–10	0.94	0.59–1.49	0.784	0.99	0.60–1.63	0.966
Unknown/No Biopsy	0.91	0.58–1.43	0.671	0.73	0.44–1.23	0.239
Local Treatment
Watchful Waiting/ADT	ref.			ref.
Radical Prostatectomy ± Radiation ± ADT	0.86	0.59–1.25	0.426	0.94	0.62–1.41	0.753
Radiation ± ADT	0.74	0.52–1.05	0.095	0.87	0.60–1.28	0.486
Number of Bone Metastases
1	ref.			ref.
2	1.23	0.67–2.25	0.505	1.41	0.76–2.62	0.278
3–9	1.71	1.07–2.75	0.026	1.58	0.95–2.62	0.075
≥10	3.92	2.38–6.45	<0.001	2.88	1.68–4.93	<0.001
Visceral/Lymph Node Only	1.66	0.92–3.00	0.093	1.13	0.49–2.61	0.775
Metastases in Lymph Nodes	1.05	0.72–1.53	0.795	1.11	0.63–1.97	0.714
Metastases in Visceral Tissue	1.58	0.91–2.74	0.103	1.63	0.91–2.94	0.102
PSA at Metastasesa	1.22	1.11–1.35	<0.001	1.16	1.04–1.29	0.010
PSADT at Metastasesa	0.78	0.67–0.92	0.003	0.81	0.69–0.95	0.010
PSAV at Metastasesb	1.02	1.01–1.04	<0.001	1.01	1.00–1.03	0.081

PSA, PSADT, and PSAV are modeled separately in the multivariable model.

Abbreviations: ADT = androgen deprivation therapy; CI = confidence interval; CRPC = castration-resistant prostate cancer; HR = hazard ratio; PSA = prostate specific antigen; PSADT = PSA doubling time; PSAV = PSA velocity.

^aLog transformed.

^bPer 10 ng/mL/year change