Table 3.
Studies investigating chemoprevention in Barrett’s oesophagus
| Ref. | Type | Sample size | Chemo-prevention | Effect on risk | Overall |
| Nguyen et al[113], 2010 | Cohort | 812 | NSAID and aspirin | Filled NSAID/aspirin prescriptions were associated with a reduced risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (adjusted incidence density ratio, 0.64; 95%CI: 0.42-0.97) | Reduces risk |
| Filled statin prescriptions were associated with a reduction in EAC risk (0.55; 95%CI: 0.36-0.86) | |||||
| Corley et al[115], 2003 | Meta-analysis of 9 studies | 1813 | NSAID and aspirin | Protective association between any use of aspirin/NSAID and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.57; 95%CI: 0.47-0.71) | Reduces risk |
| Intermittent (OR = 0.82; CI: 0.67-0.99) and frequent medication use were protective (OR = 0.54; 95%CI: 0.43-0.67) | |||||
| Any use was protective against both oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.51-0.87) and squamous cell carcinoma (OR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.43-0.78) | |||||
| Alexandre et al[116], 2012 | Meta-analysis of 2 studies | 1382 | Statin | Pooled effect size of 0.53 (95%CI: 0.36-0.78, P = 0.001, I2 = 0%) for risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma with prior statin use | Reduces risk |
| Alexandre et al[116], 2012 | Meta-analysis of 3 studies | 35214 | Statin | Pooled effect size of 0.86 (95%CI: 0.78-0.94, P = 0.001, I2 = 0%) for risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma wth prior statin use | Reduces risk |
| Beales et al[117], 2012 | Case-control | 85 | Statin | Regular statin use was associated with a significantly lower incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.24-0.84) | Reduces risk |
| After NSAID/aspirin confounding correction: OR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.28-0.94 | |||||
| Heath et al[121], 2007 | Randomised control trial | 100 | NSAID (celecoxib) | No difference in the proportion of biopsy samples with dysplasia or cancer between treatment groups in either the low-grade (median change with celecoxib = -0.09); or high-grade (median change with celecoxib = 0.12) stratum | No effect |
| Singh et al[123], 2013 | Meta-analysis of 13 studies | 9285 | Statin | A 28% reduction in the risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma among patients who took statins (adjusted OR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.60-0.86) | Reduces risk |
NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.