Table 1.
HR E6 and E7 regulation of hTERT and cellular protein targets for that regulation.
| HPV Gene | Effect on hTERT | Cellular Protein Target |
|---|---|---|
| Chromatin Effects | ||
| E6 and E7 | Promoter methylation changes | |
| E6 | Increase promoter acetylation | HATs and HDACs, mSin3A |
| Transcription Effects | ||
| E6 | Increase transcriptional activators | c-Myc/Max, Sp1 |
| E6 | Decrease transcriptional repressors | c-Myc/Mad, Maz, USF1, NFX1-91 |
| E7 | Increase expression with E6 | |
| RNA Effects | ||
| E6 | Increase transcript stability | NFX1-123, PABPCs |
| E6 | Increase active spliced isoform of hTERT | c-Myc |
| Protein Effects | ||
| E6 | Binds hTERT | hTERT |
HR: high-risk; hTERT: human telomerase reverse transcriptase; HPV: human papillomavirus; HATs: histone acetyltransferases; HDACs: histone deacetylases; mSin3A: SIN3 transcription regulator family member A; c-Myc: MYC proto-oncogene; Max: MYC associated factor X; Maz: MYC associated zinc finger protein; USF1: Upstream transcription factor 1; NFX1-91: Nuclear transcription factor, X-box binding 1, isoform 3; NFX1-123: Nuclear transcription factor, X-box binding 1, isoform 1; PABPCs: cytoplasmic poly(A) binding proteins.