Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of 270 participants by diet group: high meat and high seafood (HMHS), high meat and low seafood (HMLS), low meat and high seafood (LMHS), and low meat and low seafood (LMLS) consumers.
| Characteristics a | HMHS Consumers (n = 60) | HMLS Consumers (n = 64) | LMHS Consumers (n = 60) | LMLS Consumers (n = 86) | p b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 50.18 ± 12.43 c | 50.19 ± 13.37 | 53.03 ± 11.64 | 49.28 ± 11.29 | 0.310 |
| Sex n (%) | 0.735 | ||||
| Male | 33 (55.0%) | 29 (45.3%) | 31 (51.7%) | 42 (48.8%) | |
| Female | 27 (45.0%) | 35 (54.7%) | 29 (48.3%) | 44 (51.2%) | |
| Alcohol consumption status n (%) | 0.051 | ||||
| Abstainer | 40 (66.7%) | 47 (73.4%) | 30 (50.0%) | 53 (61.6%) | |
| Consumer | 20 (33.3%) | 17 (26.6%) | 30 (50.0%) | 33 (38.4%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.41 ± 3.88 | 23.17 ± 3.62 | 23.83 ± 4.15 | 22.57 ± 3.82 | 0.255 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.14 ± 1.32 * | 5.07 ± 1.48 | 5.27 ± 1.36 * | 4.71 ± 0.58 | 0.036 |
| Fasting insulin (mU/L) | 7.55 ± 4.10 | 7.51 ± 6.15 | 8.11 ± 7.16 | 7.65 ± 13.64 | 0.982 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 78.62 ± 19.64 | 75.36 ±15.21 | 79.67 ± 20.21 | 79.30 ± 16.82 | 0.503 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.21 ± 0.98 | 5.23 ± 1.07 | 5.14 ± 0.94 | 5.02 ± 0.88 | 0.541 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.38 ± 0.76 | 1.19 ± 0.61 | 1.20 ± 0.65 | 1.39 ± 1.32 | 0.401 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.33 ± 0.32 | 1.45 ± 0.35 | 1.40 ± 0.34 | 1.44 ± 0.38 | 0.211 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 3.25 ± 0.86 | 3.24 ± 0.92 | 3.20 ± 0.79 | 2.97 ± 0.67 | 0.107 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.79 ± 2.62 | 3.84 ± 10.69 | 1.33 ± 1.34 | 1.98 ± 4.18 | 0.092 |
TG: triglyceride; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein. a Information was missing for some participants: fasting glucose, n = 6; LDL-cholesterol, n = 3; C-reactive protein, n = 7; b One-way ANOVA for continuous variables, and by chi-square test for categorical variables; c Mean ± SD (all such values). * p < 0.05 compared to the LMLS group, Student’s t-test.