Table 3.
Distribution of body composition variables according to the sarcopenia stages from the EWGSOP.
| n = 98 | Healthy n = 22 | Risk of Sarcopenia † n = 41 | Presarcopenia n = 6 | Sarcopenia n = 22 | Severe Sarcopenia n = 7 | p for Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Years) | 64.27 ± 5.45 | 65.96 ± 5.94 | 64.17 ± 5.19 | 67.27 ± 6.43 | 66.29 ± 6.10 | 0.502 |
| Body composition and anthropometry | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | 70.37 ± 14.31 | 66.41 ± 8.5 | 59.35 ± 8.46 * | 56.21 ± 14.21 * | 56.51 ± 6.20 * | <0.001 |
| Height (m) | 1.52 ± 0.04 | 1.49 ± 0.04 | 1.56 ± 0.05 | 1.53 ± 0.06 | 1.48 ± 0.06 | 0.024 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 96.05 ± 12.14 | 93.22 ± 10.01 | 81.67 ± 10.72 * | 84.08 ± 10.75 * | 89.94 ± 25.45 | 0.005 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.10 ± 5.63 | 29.59 ± 3.72 | 24.30 ± 3.06 * | 24.19 ± 2.81 * | 25.46 ± 2.90 * | <0.001 |
| Normal weight, (%) ** | 4 (18.2) | 2 (4.9) | 3 (50.0) | 14 (63.6) | 3 (42.9) | 0.149 |
| Overweight n, (%) ** | 7 (31.8) | 20 (48.8) | 3 (50.0) | 6 (27.3) | 1 (14.3) | |
| Obesity n, (%) ** | 11 (50.0) | 19 (46.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (9.1) | 3 (42.9) | |
| Muscle mass (kg) | 36.45 ± 10.59 | 37.62 ± 3.95 | 33.71 ± 10.35 | 32.84 ± 4.28 | 32.21 ± 2.82 | 0.052 |
| Lean mass (kg) | 18.29 ± 3.43 | 17.59 ± 2.68 | 16.19 ± 1.89 | 14.79 ± 1.56 * | 13.88 ± 1.64 * | <0.001 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 30.30 ± 9.37 | 28.34 ± 7.29 | 23.20 ± 3.88 * | 22.27 ± 6.17 | 24.29 ± 4.55 | 0.002 |
| Fat mass (%) | 42.94 ± 5.60 | 42.13 ± 11.48 | 37.80 ± 2.86 | 38.63 ± 5.73 | 42.71 ± 4.23 | 0.100 |
| Skeletal muscle mass index (absolute muscle mass/size2) | 7.86 ± 1.39 | 7.79 ± 2.07 | 6.58 ± 0.73 * | 6.27 ± 0.32 * | 6.33 ± 0.49 * | <0.001 |
| EWGSOP indicators | ||||||
| Muscle strength (kg) | 23.43 ± 2.67 | 15.18 ± 3.43 * | 21.12 ± 1.79 | 13.99 ± 3.91 * | 13.21 ± 5.16 * | <0.001 |
| Gait speed (m/s) | 1.19 ± 0.35 | 1.29 ± 1.64 | 1.37 ± 0.24 | 1.24 ± 0.33 | 0.79 ± 0.07 * | 0.027 |
| Chair stand (rep) | 16.0 ± 3.67 | 16.4 ± 5.79 | 15.8 ± 2.29 | 13.5 ± 2.53 * | 13.4 ± 2.72 * | <0.001 |
| Equilibrium (s) | 9.40 ± 1.5 | 9.20 ± 2.0 | 9.15 ± 1.18 | 9.13 ± 1.35 | 9.08 ± 1.14 | 0.462 |
| Sarcopenic obesity n, (%) ** | 0 (0.0) | 4 (18.2) | 1 (16.7) | 9 (40.9) * | 2 (28.5) | 0.023 |
* p < 0.05 expresses significant differences with the reference group (normal) through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and the multiple comparisons with Bonferroni test. ** These variables are expressed in absolute frequencies and percentages. † We have used <20 kg in the handgrip strength test as a threshold for risk of sarcopenia.