Table 2.
The heatmap indicates the average relative number n of the different bacterial genera in the microbiota in the 5 different lactulose conditions 0 g, 2 g, 3 g, 4 g, and 5 g, respectively, after 120 h of exposure in TIM-2. The increasing reddish gradient color indicates the increase in the dominant genera in a particular sample (n > 1000), the yellowish gradient color indicates the genera that are present at an intermediate level (9 < n < 1000) while the increasing greenish gradient color represents the genera that are becoming more marginally present in the microbiota (n < 10).
| Genus | Lactulose 0 g | Lactulose 2 g | Lactulose 3 g | Lactulose 4 g | Lactulose 5 g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevotella | 12,069 | 16,305 | 11,493 | 10,138 | 3072 |
| Bifidobacterium | 1468 | 733 | 3842 | 3474 | 11,689 |
| Enterococcus | 272 | 75 | 191 | 416 | 1225 |
| Lactobacillus | 135 | 116 | 251 | 384 | 267 |
| Blautia | 1934 | 3112 | 3849 | 3654 | 2940 |
| Faecalibacterium | 1941 | 2227 | 1766 | 2448 | 1660 |
| Clostridium_sensu_stricto | 50 | 7 | 17 | 31 | 103 |
| Ruminococcus | 2535 | 457 | 267 | 80 | 65 |
| Bacteroides | 660 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 17 |
| unclassified_Ruminococcaceae | 581 | 315 | 1094 | 715 | 647 |
| Weissella | 40 | 40 | 15 | 10 | 56 |
| Dialister | 740 | 566 | 256 | 167 | 184 |
| Dorea | 415 | 169 | 390 | 515 | 251 |
| Collinsella | 70 | 50 | 368 | 519 | 218 |
| Acinetobacter | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| unclassified_Lachnospiraceae | 298 | 134 | 117 | 534 | 151 |
| Escherichia/Shigella | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| Staphylococcus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Moraxella | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Enterobacter | 43 | 14 | 13 | 33 | 19 |
| Anaerococcus | 29 | 2 | 26 | 88 | 911 |
| Peptoniphilus | 178 | 35 | 28 | 54 | 99 |
| Paraprevotella | 43 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 17 |
| Roseburia | 7 | 20 | 1 | 84 | 35 |
| Allisonella | 53 | 35 | 73 | 77 | 56 |
| Streptococcus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 |
| Gemmiger | 162 | 21 | 63 | 338 | 29 |
| unclassified_Clostridiales | 128 | 95 | 129 | 163 | 147 |
| unclassified_Enterobacteriaceae | 63 | 36 | 8 | 39 | 10 |
| Oscillibacter | 286 | 34 | 15 | 11 | 60 |
| Clostridium_XlVa | 153 | 22 | 34 | 109 | 96 |
| Sutterella | 47 | 4 | 15 | 25 | 13 |
| unclassified_Erysipelotrichaceae | 1 | 6 | 186 | 176 | 162 |
| Coprococcus | 30 | 14 | 8 | 95 | 131 |
| Parabacteroides | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Halomonas | 6 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 42 |
| Corynebacterium | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Clostridium_XI | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| unclassified_Prevotellaceae | 69 | 18 | 41 | 53 | 44 |
| Methanosphaera | 13 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| unclassified_Bacteria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Methanobrevibacter | 20 | 6 | 61 | 87 | 21 |
| Ruminococcus2 | 6 | 8 | 46 | 81 | 34 |
| Subdoligranulum | 29 | 8 | 33 | 19 | 0 |
| Lachnospira | 20 | 27 | 1 | 15 | 33 |
| Succiniclasticum | 79 | 5 | 2 | 11 | 2 |
| Shewanella | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 22 |
| unclassified_Clostridia | 15 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 9 |
| unclassified_Firmicutes | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pseudomonas | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Anaerostipes | 0 | 6 | 6 | 37 | 40 |
| Clostridium_XlVb | 5 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Butyricicoccus | 3 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 25 |
| Catenibacterium | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 84 |
| unclassified_Bacteroidetes | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
| Atopobium | 11 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| Sporobacter | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Clostridium_IV | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Olsenella | 2 | 9 | 11 | 20 | 14 |
| unclassified_Coriobacteriaceae | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| Alistipes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Finegoldia | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 |
| Slackia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
| Akkermansia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |