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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Manag Care. 2014 Aug 1;20(8):e340–e352.
%
Women with a prior cesarean (n=296)
 No medical reason 2.5
 Prior cesarean 60.6
 Prolonged labor 2.4
 Fetal position 2.7
 Fetal distress 3.4
 Fetal size 2.3
 Problem with placenta 2.4
 Maternal health condition 12.5
 Past due date 0.6
 Failed induction 3.1
 Fear of vaginal delivery 0.2
 Pelvis too narrow 1.9
 Other / missing 5.3
Women without a prior cesarean (n=370)
 No medical reason 4.4
 Prolonged labor 7.0
 Fetal position 15.7
 Fetal distress 11.1
 Fetal size 8.5
 Problem with placenta 8.3
 Maternal health condition 9.9
 Past due date 3.4
 Failed induction 7.6
 Fear of vaginal delivery 2.8
 Pelvis too narrow 9.8
 Other / missing 11.5