Figure 3. D2/D3 receptors in humans and mice with a mutated Hdc gene.

A–D. D2/D3R receptor availability in TS patients carrying the Hdc-W317X mutation, relative to matched controls, measured using in vivo ¹¹C-PHNO PET imaging. A,B composite radioligand binding images from patients (middle row) and controls (bottom row). C. Binding in subnuclei of the basal ganglia. D. Individual subject binding in the substantia nigra in patients and controls; group means are show by a horizontal line. E-G. D2/D3R receptor binding in mice measured ex vivo using ³H-raclopride binding. E Raclopride binding in the substantia nigra. F. Increased binding was seen in Hdc het and KO mice; individual data are shown. G. Reduced raclopride binding was seen in dorsal striatum; this correlated negatively, on an animal-by-animal basis, with the increased binding in the nigra. From Castellan Baldan et al, 2014, with permission.