Table 2. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic profile, by sex and muscle mass status.

	Male adolescents			Female adolescents
Variable	LMM (-) (n=271)	LMM (+) (n=76)	P value	LMM (-) (n=214)	LMM (+) (n=99)	P value
Age (years)	16.8 ± 0.3a	16.8 ± 0.3	.96	16.8 ± 0.3a	16.8 ± 0.3
Body Mass Index (z-score)	0.14 ± 0.94	2.11± 0.74	<.001	0.18 ± 0.90	1.91± 0.76	<.001
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)	21.8±2.7	29.6±4.1	<.001	21.9±2.8	29.3±4.5	<.001
Fat Mass (%)	18.8 ± 5.9	35.5 ± 3.6	<.001	32.3 ± 5.2	44.9 ± 3.4	<.001
Total Lean Mass (%)	78.2 ± 6.0	61.2 ± 3.7	<.001	63.9 ± 5.1	51.2 ± 3.4	<.001
Waist circumference (cm)	77.0±6.5	96.3±11.0	<.001	75.9±8.0	92.4±11.0	<.001
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	113.7±9.5	121.3±11.3	<.001	106.2±8.2	114.3±10.5	<.001
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	70.2±6.9	73.9±7.0	<.001	66.3±6.4	70.3±6.5	<.001
Triglycerides G (mg/dl)	76.4±38.3	128.8±68.6	<.001	81.9±41.2	100.6±57.0	.001
High Density Lipoprotein (mg/dl)	39.4±10.2	32.9±8.0	<.001	43.4±11.1	40.3±9.5	.019
Atherogenic Index	3.9±1.1	5.1±1.7	<.001	3.8±1.1	4.2±1.3	.006
Glucose (mg/dl)	89.9±8.5	92.5±12.6	.04	86.1±8.7	87.3±9.6	.28
Insulin (μUI/ml)	6.5±3.7	12.8±8.3	<.001	7.2±3.8	11.0±7.0	<.001
HOMA-IR	1.4±0.9	3.0±2.1	<.001	1.5±0.9	2.4±1.7	<.001
Metabolic Syndrome (z score)	-0.09±0.4	0.56±0.4	<.001	-0.15±0.5	0.33±0.5	<.001
Early onset obesity (≤5y)	29(10.7%)b	42(55.3%)	<.001	14(6.5%)	36(36.4%)	<.001
Breast feeding ≤3 mo	123(45.4%)	33(43.4%)	NS	75(35.1%)	46.(46.5%)	.046

^aMean ± SD.

^bNumber (%).

LMM: Low muscle mass