Table 3.
Comparison of Indian studies on ALT among healthy population
| Authors with region and year | Study population and sample size | Exclusion criteria | ALT in men IU/L Mean ± SD, median (or) percentile |
ALT in women IU/L Mean ± SD, median (or) percentile |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Furruqh et al. [9] Southern India 2004 |
Visitors of Health plan clinic (n = 464) | History of acute inflammatory condition, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, malignancy, dyslipidemia, liver dysfunction, contact with jaundiced patients, cardiac disease, renal disease, medications, and exposure to carbon tetrachloride, beryllium, and vinyl chloride. Presence of factors which includes excessive body weight, smoking, alcohol abuse, pregnancy and strenuous exercise | Age dependent median-38 to 43 Overall value for 97.5th percentile not mentioned |
Age dependent median-33 to 38 Overall value for 97.5th percentile not mentioned |
| Yadhav et al. [10] Northern India 2013 |
Healthy individuals (n = 2021) | Diabetes, Coronary artery disease, obesity (Body Mass Index [BMI] > 30), hypertension, risks from occupation and environment, genetically determined risks, drug treatment for disease or suffering, oral contraceptives, drug abuse, alcohol, tobacco, pregnancy, stress, & excessive exercise | Median-28 (range 11–70) 97.5th percentile-70 |
Median-22 (range 9–63) 97.5th percentile-63 |
| Kumar et al. [8] Western India 2014 |
Blood donors (n = 4917) | Hepatitis B, C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) I and II infection, Leprosy, Malignancy, Heart disease, Chronic nephritis, Allergic disorders, Schizophrenia, Polycythemia vera, Abnormal bleeding tendencies, Unexplained weight loss, Individuals on anticonvulsant, antiarrhythmic, Immunosuppressive, anticoagulant, vasodilator, sedative in high doses, antithyroid & lipid lowering drugs, asparaginase, tetracycline, warfarin, amiodarone, tamoxifen, oestrogens, bleomycin, diltiazem, nifedipine, methotrexate, corticosteroids, salicylates Chronic alcoholic (consumed >20g/day), those who were found to be seropositive after blood donation for hepatitis B surface antigen, anti HCV antibody, HIV 1 and 2, and malarial parasite, and serum bilirubin level more than 1.5 mg/dl |
27.0 ± 17.3 97.5th percentile not mentioned |
17.7 ± 11.2 97.5th percentile not mentioned |
| Maksane et al. [11] Western India 2015 |
Blood donors (n = 1059) | Any concurrent acute or chronic illness (including acute febrile illness, thyroid disease, hypertension, diabetes, renal failure, congestive heart disease, chronic respiratory diseases, liver diseases, malabsorption syndromes, and nutritional anemia), Acute viral hepatitis in last 6 months, Intake of tobacco, oral contraceptives, replacement or supplementation therapy such as Insulin intake, Family history of jaundice, H/o hepatotoxic drugs like aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen etc., any other concurrent alternative medications (ayurvedic, homeopathic anticoagulant drugs etc.), Blood transfusion in 6 months, Obese (BMI >30 kg/m2) and pregnancy, severe stress and depression, exercise or physical training in previous days | Median 16 97.5th percentile-36 |
Median 13 97.5th percentile-23 |
| Present study Southern India 2016 |
Healthy people undergoing voluntary health screening (n = 344) | Mentioned under methods | 21.87 ± 2.9 97.5th percentile-28 |
19.35 ± 3.3 97.5th percentile-24 |