Table 1.
Characteristics and results of the included studies.
| Author (year) | Location | No. of samples | Median age (Range) | Phimosis | Investigated HPV type | general HPV | HR-HPV | LR-HPV | HPV type | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16/18 | 16 | 18 | |||||||||
| Balci et al.15 | Turkey | 100 | 5.7 (0.2–9.0) | 55 | 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 |
| Maarof et al.14 | Malaysia | 51 | 9.0 (4.0–12.0) | 2 | NA | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Klinglmair et al.18 | Austria | 121 | NA (0.0–10.0) | NA | 6, 11, 16, 18 | 98 | 55 | 43 | 55 | NA | NA |
| Pilatz et al.16 | Germany | 82 | 4.1 (1.0–14.0) | 82 | 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 42, 44, 45, 51–54, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 66–68, 70, 72, 73, 81–84, 90, 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Martino et al.17 | Austria | 50 | 5.5 (0.42–15) | NA | 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0 |
| Verit et al.21 | Turkey | 30 | 8.1a (4.0–11.0) | NA | 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68 | 25 | 25 | 0 | 1 | NA | NA |
| Chen et al.19 | Austria | 52 | Neonatesb | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Roman et al.20 | U.S. | 70 | Neonatesc | NA | 6, 11, 16, 18 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
NA, not available; LR, low-risk; HR, high-risk.
aMean; bSampled within hours of birth; cSampled within 3 days of birth.