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. 2017 Aug 1;7:6983. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07557-2

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic drawing on the hypothesis of corneal endothelial would healing process after CEC scraping or DM stripping injury. After CEC scraping injury, central corneal endothelial cells were removed and the underneath Descemet’s membrane (DM) was exposed at day 0. Seven days after the injury, CECs in the peripheral cornea migrated into the wounding area. These cells exhibited endothelial mesenchymal transition. At day 14, the wounding area was resurfaced by the migrating cells, and these cells regained endothelial phenotype through mesenchymal endothelial transition. After DM stripping injury, central corneal endothelial cells were also removed and the central corneal stroma (ST) was exposed at day 0. Seven days after the injury, few CECs in the peripheral cornea migrated into the wounding area. On the other hand, some keratocytes were activated and changed into myofibroblastic phenotype (red nuclei cells). At day 14, the wounding area was resurfaced by two types of cells, one from migrated endothelial cells, while the other from keratocytes. These cells partially regained endothelial cell phenotype.