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. 2017 Aug 1;10:367. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2302-6

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — Larval and adult antibacterial humoral immunity. a, b Zone of inhibition plating assay (a), including quantitative measurement of the zones of inhibition (b), showing the extent of hemolymph lytic activity in mosquitoes that were naïve, injured, or challenged with heat-killed E. coli 24 h earlier. c-f Similar experiment except using heat-killed M. luteus (c, d) or heat-killed Enterobacter sp. (e, f) as the challenge agent. In b, d, and f, data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, followed by Šidák’s post-hoc test. Whiskers denote the SEM. Hand-written abbreviations on the plates: L4, fourth-instar larvae; 1D, 1-day-old adult; 5D, 5-day-old adult; N, naïve; LB, injured; E.c., E. coli; M.l., M. luteus; Eb, Enterobacter