Table 4. Long-term Associations Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Medication Use and Motor Vehicle Crash (MVC) Events.
| Variable | No. of Patients | No. of MVC Events | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Level | Within Individual | |||||
| Long Term | Concurrent | Long Term | Concurrent | |||
| Men | ||||||
| All patients with ADHD | 399 394 | 2059 | 0.93 (0.83-1.03) | 0.89 (0.80-1.00) | 0.66 (0.58-0.76) | 0.73 (0.61-0.87) |
| Patients with ADHD without SUD | 346 397 | 1369 | 0.92 (0.81-1.04) | 0.90 (0.78-1.03) | 0.64 (0.54-0.76) | 0.74 (0.60-0.93) |
| Women | ||||||
| All patients with ADHD | 358 181 | 2056 | 1.02 (0.93-1.13) | 0.88 (0.79-0.97) | 0.73 (0.64-0.84) | 0.70 (0.59-0.82) |
| Patients with ADHD without SUD | 347 881 | 1592 | 1.05 (0.94-1.18) | 0.82 (0.73-0.92) | 0.74 (0.64-0.87) | 0.64 (0.53-0.77) |
Abbreviation: SUD, substance use disorder.