Table 3.
Frequencies and percentages for explanatory variables
| Variables | With insurance: frequency (%)[N = 1044) | Without insurance: frequency (%) [N = 2445] | Chi-square (p-value) |
| Health rating: 1 = Excellent/very good/good | 435 (41.67) | 1238 (50.63) | 23.57 (p < 0.0001) |
| 0 = Fair and poor | 609 (58.33) | 1207 (49.37) | |
| Environment rating: 1 = Good/very good/Excellent living environment | 491 (47.03) | 1580 (64.62) | 93.843959 (P < 0.0001) |
| 0 = Fair or poor | 553 (52.97) | 865 (35.38) | |
| Residence: 1 = Formal city dwellings + white farms | 995 (95.31) | 1625 (66.46) | 325.45 (P < 0.0001) |
| 0 = Informal dwellings +"former homelands" | 49 (4.69) | 820 (33.54) | |
| Income (in Rand): No regular income | 137 (13.12) | 275 (11.25) | 1238.93 (P < 0.0001) |
| 1 – 950 | 100 (9.58) | 1497 (61.23) | |
| 951 – 1900 | 179 (17.15) | 435 (17.79) | |
| 1901 – 3800 | 317 (30.36) | 191 (7.81) | |
| 3801 – 7600 | 223 (21.36) | 38 (1.55) | |
| 7600 + | 88 (8.43) | 9 (0.37) | |
| Education: 1 = Matriculation (standard 10) and above | 566 (54.21) | 2205 (90.18) | 579.15 (P < 0.0001) |
| 0 = Below matriculation | 478 (45.79) | 240 (9.82) | |
| Age (in years): 16 – 25 | 128 (12.26) | 328 (13.42) | 16.53 (P = 0.0024) |
| 26 – 35 | 299 (28.64) | 666 (27.24) | |
| 36 – 45 | 284 (27.20) | 586 (23.97) | |
| 46 – 55 | 189 (18.10) | 404 (16.52) | |
| 56 and above | 143 (13.70) | 461 (18.85) | |
| Race: 1 = African, Coloured & Indian | 947 (90.71) | 1981 (81.02) | 50.87 (P < 0.0001) |
| 0 = White | 97 (9.29) | 464 (18.98) | |
| Household size: 1 – 4 household members | 647 (61.97) | 1043 (42.66) | 123.30 (P < 0.0001) |
| 5 – 8 | 351 (33.62) | 1114 (45.56) | |
| 9 – 12 | 41 (3.93) | 240 (9.82) | |
| 13 and above | 5 (0.48) | 48 (1.96) | |
| Occupation: 0 = White-collar worker | 326 (31.23) | 168 (6.87) | 357.05 (P < 0.0001) |
| 1 = Blue-collar worker | 718 (68.77) | 2277 (93.13) | |
| Employment status: 1 = Involuntarily unemployed | 967 (92.62) | 1933 (79.06) | 95.94 (P < 0.0001) |
| 0 = Voluntarily unemployed or employed | 77 (7.38) | 512 (20.94) | |
| Smoking: 1 = If a cigarette smoker | 292 (27.97) | 607 (24.83) | 3.78 (P = 0.0519) |
| 0 = Not a cigarette smoker | 752 (72.03) | 1838 (75.17) | |
| Alcohol use: 1 = Alcohol drinker | 148 (14.18) | 276 (11.29) | 5.71 (P = 0.0168) |
| 0 = Not alcohol drinker | 896 (85.82) | 2169 (88.71) | |
| Contraceptive use: 0 = Uses contraceptives | 213 (20.40) | 399 (16.32) | 8.43 (P = 0.0037) |
| 1 = Does not use contraceptives | 831 (79.60) | 2046 (83.68) | |
| Marital status: 1 = Married | 627 (60.06) | 1144 (46.79) | 51.53 (P < 0.0001) |
| 0 = Single, separated, divorced | 417 (39.94) | 1301 (53.21) |