. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: Adv Life Course Res. 2016 Oct 25;31:11–21. doi: 10.1016/j.alcr.2016.10.004

Table 4.

Random Intercepts Models Predicting Verbal Fluency, WLS 1957–2011

		1		2		3		4		5

		B	s.e.	B	s.e.	B	s.e.	B	s.e.	B	s.e.
Age		−0.085^***	0.013	−0.032^*	0.013	−0.032^*	0.013	−0.029^*	0.013	−0.030^*	0.013
Retirement Status	Not Retired (ref.)
Dichotomous	Retired	−0.074^**	0.023	−0.046^*	0.023
Reason	Voluntary					−0.020	0.024
	Family Related					−0.050	0.061
	Involuntary					−0.076	0.051
	Health Related					−0.231^***	0.054
Duration	ln							−0.006^*	0.003
Duration	linear									−0.016^**	0.006
Education (ref=High School)	Some College			0.132^***	0.040	0.131^***	0.040	0.131^**	0.040	0.131^**	0.040
	Bachelor’s			0.242^***	0.042	0.238^***	0.042	0.243^***	0.042	0.241^***	0.042
	Graduate/Prof. Degree			0.261^***	0.049	0.260^***	0.049	0.266^***	0.049	0.265^***	0.049
Job Characteristics
Occ. Education Score				0.042^*	0.018	0.042^*	0.018	0.041^*	0.018	0.042^*	0.018
Class of Worker (ref=Private Worker)	Government			0.037	0.035	0.032	0.035	0.040	0.035	0.041	0.035
Class of Worker (ref=Private Worker)	Self-Employed			−0.026	0.040	−0.020	0.040	−0.028	0.040	−0.034	0.040
Occupation (ref=Other White Collar)	Upper White Collar			−0.063	0.041	−0.060	0.041	−0.062	0.041	−0.062	0.041
	Blue Collar			−0.098^*	0.041	−0.094^*	0.041	−0.096^*	0.041	−0.095^*	0.041
	Service Industries			0.050	0.032	0.055	0.032	0.050	0.032	0.048	0.032
Personal Characteristics	Male	−0.274^***	0.027	−0.261^***	0.029	−0.267^***	0.029	−0.261^***	0.029	−0.262^***	0.029
	Married			−0.009	0.028	−0.011	0.028	−0.012	0.029	−0.010	0.029
	Father’s SEI			0.000	0.001	0.000	0.001	0.000	0.001	0.000	0.001
	Mother’s Education			−0.001	0.005	−0.001	0.005	−0.001	0.005	−0.001	0.005
	1957 Family Income			0.061^**	0.021	0.058^**	0.021	0.060^**	0.021	0.060^**	0.021
	Cognition at 16			0.014^***	0.001	0.014^***	0.001	0.014^***	0.001	0.014^***	0.001
	Stroke			−0.183^**	0.058	−0.167^**	0.058	−0.174^**	0.059	−0.173^**	0.059
	Heart			0.006	0.028	0.011	0.028	0.010	0.028	0.010	0.028
	Diabetes			−0.076^*	0.033	−0.068^*	0.033	−0.072^*	0.033	−0.071^*	0.033
	Cancer			−0.017	0.032	−0.013	0.032	−0.017	0.032	−0.017	0.032
	Pension Available			0.036	0.024	0.034	0.024	0.036	0.025	0.037	0.025
	Networth			0.000	0.000	−0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
First Measurement Wave		−0.596^***	0.094	−0.224^*	0.092	−0.222^*	0.092	−0.218^*	0.092	−0.224^*	0.092

Intercept		6.269^***	0.957	0.366	0.967	0.402	0.966	0.183	0.973	0.234	0.970

Observations		7164		7164		7164		7135		7135

SD(slope)		0.748	0.013	0.670	0.012	0.669	0.012	0.671	0.012	0.671	0.012
Residual		0.633	0.009	0.631	0.009	0.631	0.009	0.631	0.009	0.630	0.009
Rho		0.582		0.530		0.529		0.531		0.532

Likelihood Ratio Test		1040.00	0.000	833.42	0.000	829.87	0.000	833.18	0.000	834.88	0.000

Notes:

p < 0.05,

^**

p < 0.01,

^***

p < 0.001