Table 2.
Univariable and Multivariable Association of Factors with Postoperative Trichiasis by 1 Year after Posterior Lamellar Tarsal Rotation Surgery
| Demographic and Clinical Factors | PTT N = 496 |
Univariable Analysis |
Multivariable Analysis |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Age, yrs | |||||
| 18–29 | 3/59 (5.1%) | 1.18 (0.98–1.41) | 0.08∗ | 1.23 (1.00–1.50) | 0.05∗ |
| 30–39 | 8/85 (9.4%) | ||||
| 40–49 | 18/123 (14.6%) | ||||
| 50–59 | 17/108 (15.7%) | ||||
| 60–69 | 10/74 (13.5%) | ||||
| 70+ | 7/47 (14.9%) | ||||
| Trichiasis severity | |||||
| Minor | 26/266 (9.8%) | 1.77 (1.04–3.03) | 0.04 | 1.97 (1.09–3.56) | 0.03 |
| Major | 37/230 (16.1%) | ||||
| Lash location | |||||
| Epilating | 6/38 (15.8%) | 1.69 (0.66–4.31) | 0.27 | 1.72 (0.64–4.62) | 0.29 |
| Corneal | 38/381 (10.0%) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Peripheral | 4/11 (36.4%) | 5.16 (1.44–18.4) | 0.01 | 5.91 (1.48–23.5) | 0.01 |
| Corneal + Peripheral | 15/66 (22.7%) | 2.65 (1.36–5.17) | 0.004 | 2.24 (1.09–4.59) | 0.03 |
| Surgeon (relative to surgeon 4) | |||||
| 1 | 8/89 (9.0%) | 0.81 (0.30–2.16) | 0.67 | 0.57 (0.20–1.63) | 0.29 |
| 2 | 14/95 (14.7%) | 1.42 (0.60–3.37) | 0.43 | 1.40 (0.56–3.50) | 0.48 |
| 3 | 12/84 (14.3%) | 1.37 (0.56–3.35) | 0.49 | 0.74 (0.27–2.04) | 0.56 |
| 4 | 10/92 (10.9%) | 1 | – | – | – |
| 5 | 6/47 (12.8%) | 1.20 (0.41–3.53) | 0.74 | 1.62 (0.47–5.55) | 0.45 |
| 6 | 13/89 (14.6%) | 1.40 (0.58–3.39) | 0.45 | 0.73 (0.27–1.97) | 0.54 |
| No. of medial and lateral dissections, median (range) | |||||
| No recurrence | 1 (0–26) | 0.78 (0.63–0.96) | 0.02 | 0.70 (0.54–0.91) | 0.008 |
| Recurrence | 0 (0–5) | ||||
| Immediate postoperative central correction | |||||
| Corrected | 53/425 (12.5%) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Overcorrected | 6/60 (10.0%) | 0.78 (0.32–1.90) | 0.58 | 0.73 (0.28–1.90) | 0.52 |
| Undercorrected | 4/11 (36.4%) | 4.01 (1.14–14.2) | 0.03 | 4.97 (1.15–21.5) | 0.03 |
| Suture tension across sutures | |||||
| Regular | 59/481 (12.3%) | 2.60 (0.80–8.43) | 0.11 | – | – |
| Irregular | 4/15 (26.7%) | ||||
| Surgical incision height in mm∗ | |||||
| Central | |||||
| <4 mm | 58/442 (13.1%) | 0.66 (0.26–1.77) | 0.42 | – | – |
| ≥4 mm | 5/54 (9.3%) | ||||
| ECA | |||||
| No | 57/371 (15.4%) | 0.29 (0.12–0.69) | 0.005 | 0.24 (0.09–0.60) | 0.002 |
| Yes | 6/120 (5.0%) | ||||
CI = confidence interval; ECA = eyelid contour abnormality; OR = odds ratio; PTT = postoperative trachomatous trichiasis.
Analysis made using logistic regression. The following factors were tested and showed no association with PTT in a univariable analysis (P > 0.05) or were excluded from the multivariable analysis after a likelihood ratio test: gender, baseline entropion severity, trichiasis lash type at baseline, baseline conjunctival scarring severity, eye (right, left), number of mattress sutures, and height in millimeters. Age, surgeon, and preoperative trichiasis severity are known to be risk factors for PTT and are included in the multivariable model regardless of significance in a univariable analysis.
P value for trend.