Fig. 5.

Antidepressants and ω-3 fatty acids modulate IL-1β-induced changes to the expression of enzymes of the kynurenine pathway. Co-treatment of cells with IL-1β and ω-3 fatty acids or antidepressants decreased the expression of IDO (a). Co-treatment with DHA, sertraline or venlafaxine decreased expression of KMO (b). Co-treatment with DHA upregulated KMO production (c). Co-incubation with sertraline or venlafaxine decreased the upregulation of ACMSD (d); ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001, ^****p < 0.0001.