. 2017 Jul 19;2017:8310979. doi: 10.1155/2017/8310979

Table 3.

In vitro skin permeation parameters of PR following topical application of ethosome, liposome, 20% PG solution, and 30% hydroethanolic solution formulations.

Formulations	J _ss (µg/cm²/h)	K _p (×10⁻³ cm/h)	T _lag (h)
Ethosome	2.60 ± 0.27^a	0.52 ± 0.05^a	6 ± 0.63^a
Liposome	0.96 ± 0.42^b	0.19 ± 0.08^b	7 ± 1.50^a
PG solution	2.95 ± 0.42^a,c	0.59 ± 0.08^a,c	5 ± 0.49^a
30% hydroethanolic solution	3.77 ± 0.31^c	0.75 ± 0.06^c	4 ± 0.40^a

Each data represents the mean ± SEM (n = 5). J_ss, steady state flux; K_p, permeability coefficient; T_lag, lag time. a–c: means in the same column with different superscript letter differ significantly (P < 0.05).