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Profiling of cell growth (a), glucose utilization (b), and ethanol yield (c) of the acetate-tolerant mutant ZMA-167(■), ZMA-142(▲) and ZM481(●) grown in 5 L fermenter(pH 5.0, 30 °C, 200 rpm) 120 g/L glucose under 195 mM sodium acetate stress condition. Inoculation with 146 mM sodium acetate-adaptive seed culture. The data come from mean values of triplicate experiments
