Table 1. Tobacco exposure and prevalence of HPV and CIN2+ in 12 population-based cervical cancer screening studies.
| Study | Study year; location | No. | Age range | Age, mean±SD | Ever smokers, No. (%) | Passive smokers, No. (%) | HPV prevalence, No. (%) | CIN2+ prevalence, No. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPOCCSIII-1 | 2006; Xiangyuan county, Shanxi province | 883 | 19−54 | 37.0±9.9 | 30 (3.4) | 706 (80.0) | 140 (15.9) | 22 (2.5) |
| SPOCCSIII-2 | 2006; Beijing city | 792 | 18−54 | 38.5±9.2 | 49 (6.2) | 514 (64.9) | 110 (13.9) | 9 (1.1) |
| SPOCCSIII-3 | 2006; Xinmi, Henan province | 864 | 20−54 | 37.2±9.8 | 3 (0.3) | 654 (75.7) | 107 (12.4) | 10 (1.2) |
| SPOCCSIII-4 | 2007; Shanghai city | 771 | 19−55 | 39.0±9.2 | 30 (3.9) | 535 (69.4) | 102 (13.2) | 11 (1.5) |
| START2003 | 2003; Xiangyuan county, Shanxi province | 1,817 | 29−50 | 38.0±5.6 | 75 (4.1) | 1,558 (85.7) | 332 (18.3) | 70 (3.9) |
| START2004 | 2004; Xiushui county, Jiangxi province | 1,625 | 29−49 | 39.4±5.4 | 4 (0.2) | 1,035 (63.7) | 306 (18.8) | 61 (4.1) |
| START2005 | 2005; Wudu county, Gansu province | 2,052 | 29−49 | 38.4±5.0 | 2 (0.1) | 1,666 (81.2) | 162 (7.9) | 32 (1.6) |
| START2006 | 2006; Qinxian county, Shanxi province | 2,500 | 29−55 | 41.4±5.8 | 19 (0.8) | 1,910 (76.4) | 305 (12.2) | 39 (1.6) |
| START2007 | 2007; Xiangyuan and Wuxiang county, Shanxi province | 2,528 | 30−55 | 43.4±6.1 | 30 (1.2) | 2,029 (80.3) | 402 (15.9) | 70 (2.9) |
| IARC-1 | 2004; Yangcheng county, Shanxi province | 745 | 19−59 | 40.8±10.7 | 0 (0.0) | 533 (71.5) | 119 (16.0) | 32 (4.4) |
| IARC-2 | 2005; Shenzhen city, Guangdong province | 1,137 | 17−59 | 35.8±9.2 | 20 (1.8) | 486 (42.7) | 159 (14.0) | 14 (1.3) |
| IARC-3 | 2005; Shenyang city, Dongbei province | 708 | 17−59 | 41.2±10.4 | 48 (6.8) | 475 (67.1) | 148 (20.9) | 11 (1.6) |
| Total | 16,422 | 17−59 | 39.6±7.7 | 310 (1.9) | 12,101 (73.7) | 2,392 (14.6) | 381 (2.3)* |
CIN2+, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse; HPV, human papillomavirus; IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer; SD, standard deviation; SPOCCS, Shanxi Province Cervical Cancer Screening Study; START, Screening Technologies to Advance Rapid Testing.
*There were 15,791 women with complete pathology results.