Table 1.
Clinical background of patients and controls in our experiments.
| DKD Patients (n = 27) |
DM Patients (n = 30) |
Controls (n = 28) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 55.09 ± 12.01 | 53.23 ± 7.89 | 33.17 ± 10.83 |
| Gender (male/female) | 14/10 | 18/12 | 17/11 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.31 ± 2.92 | 24.41 ± 2.95 | 21.76 ± 3.08 |
| DM Duration (years) | 7.21 ± 4.36 | 6.18 ± 5.07 | — |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m3) | 107.67 ± 27.74 | 110.43 ± 27.73 | 100.66 ± 10.43 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 10.79 ± 3.91 | 12.07 ± 2.68 | 5.19 ± 0.73 |
| 2 h-PPG (mmol/L) | 17.51 ± 4.97 | 19.99 ± 7.21 | — |
| ALT (IU/L) | 17.55 (10.44, 27.30) | 20.00 (14.79, 41.50) | 24.80 ± 20.66 |
| AST (IU/L) | 16.95 ± 8.01 | 17.85 ± 6.32 | 24.52 ± 8.49 |
| UA (umol/L) | 361.18 ± 95.11 | 321.64 ± 63.21 | 336.29 ± 56.49 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 3.99 ± 0.87 | 4.29 ± 0.64 | 4.53 ± 0.56 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.74 ± 0.99 | 2.82 ± 0.559 | 2.44 ± 0.49 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.63 ± 0.79 | 3.14 ± 1.71 | 1.12 ± 0.63 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.01 ± 0.84 | 0.97 ± 0.15 | 1.57 ± 0.41 |
| C-peptide (ng/mL) | 1.27 ± 0.72 | 1.26 ± 0.69 | — |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.94 ± 1.89 | 8.64 ± 1.58 | — |
| Urinary ACR (mg/g) | 51.51 (31.71, 67.67) | 13.92 ± 6.21 | — |
| WBC (× 109/L) | 6.04 ± 1.38 | 5.92 ± 1.28 | 4.91 ± 0.47 |
| Hb (g/L) | 147.18 ± 17.15 | 146.84 ± 12.37 | 148 ± 13.67 |
Abbreviations in the table: body mass index (BMI); diabetes mellitus (DM); estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); fasting plasma glucose (FPG); two hours after post-prandial plasma glucose (2 h-PPG); alanine aminotransferase (ALT); aspartate amino transferase (AST); uric acid (UA); total cholesterol (TC); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); total triglyceride (TG); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C); albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR); white blood cell (WBC); and hemoglobin (Hb).
Notes: Data of normal distribution were expressed in the format of [mean ± SD]; other data were expressed in the format of [median (25%, 75%)].