Table 2.
Associations of KC with risk of other malignancies among 118,440 solid organ transplant recipients
| BCC | SCC | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n cases |
n (with BCC) | HR (95%CI)* | n (with SCC) | HR (95%CI)* | |||||
| Overall malignancies | 9977 | 491 | 0.98 | (0.87 – | 1.12) | 1001 | 1.44 | (1.31 – | 1.59) |
| Oral cavity and pharynx | 520 | 37 | 0.58 | (0.34 – | 0.97) | 155 | 5.34 | (4.02 – | 7.08) |
| Squamous† | 475 | 31 | 0.43 | (0.24 – | 0.79) | 142 | 5.60 | (4.18 – | 7.50) |
| Non-squamous | 45 | 6 | 3.07 | (0.96 – | 9.80) | 13 | 3.00 | (1.01 – | 8.93) |
| Lip | 163 | 19 | 0.60 | (0.23 – | 1.55) | 54 | 4.02 | (2.37 – | 6.81) |
| Squamous† | 160 | 19 | 0.60 | (0.23 – | 1.56) | 54 | 4.13 | (2.43 – | 7.00) |
| Non-squamous | 3 | 0 | 0.00 | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | ||
| Tongue | 116 | 7 | 0.80 | (0.27 – | 2.36) | 30 | 3.49 | (1.78 – | 6.86) |
| Squamous† | 112 | 7 | 0.80 | (0.27 – | 2.38) | 30 | 3.58 | (1.82 – | 7.05) |
| Non-squamous | 4 | 0 | 0.00 | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | ||
| Esophagus | 123 | 3 | 0.82 | (0.24 – | 2.75) | 10 | 0.87 | (0.34 – | 2.27) |
| Squamous† | 32 | 0 | 0.00 | - | 2 | 0.00 | - | ||
| Non-squamous | 91 | 3 | 0.95 | (0.28 – | 3.25) | 8 | 1.02 | (0.38 – | 2.71) |
| Stomach | 130 | 3 | 0.57 | (0.13 – | 2.43) | 8 | 1.08 | (0.42 – | 2.77) |
| Colon | 449 | 7 | 0.38 | (0.15 – | 0.93) | 27 | 1.14 | (0.70 – | 1.88) |
| Rectum | 118 | 2 | 0.38 | (0.05 – | 2.87) | 10 | 0.84 | (0.26 – | 2.77) |
| Anus | 103 | 8 | 1.10 | (0.37 – | 3.29) | 22 | 2.77 | (1.29 – | 5.96) |
| Pancreas | 152 | 6 | 1.72 | (0.71 – | 4.15) | 6 | 0.68 | (0.26 – | 1.79) |
| Larynx | 103 | 7 | 0.78 | (0.18 – | 3.43) | 16 | 1.08 | (0.37 – | 3.16) |
| Lung | 1419 | 58 | 1.00 | (0.73 – | 1.37) | 108 | 1.25 | (0.98 – | 1.59) |
| Squamous† | 455 | 24 | 0.96 | (0.58 – | 1.57) | 54 | 1.66 | (1.16 – | 2.37) |
| Non-squamous | 964 | 34 | 1.03 | (0.69 – | 1.55) | 54 | 1.00 | (0.71 – | 1.39) |
| Kidney | 641 | 30 | 0.96 | (0.55 – | 1.68) | 41 | 0.74 | (0.45 – | 1.21) |
| Bladder | 271 | 18 | 0.99 | (0.51 – | 1.90) | 31 | 1.59 | (0.97 – | 2.60) |
| Squamous† | 9 | 0 | 0.00 | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | ||
| Non-squamous | 262 | 18 | 1.00 | (0.52 – | 1.92) | 31 | 1.61 | (0.98 – | 2.65) |
| Prostate | 975 | 100 | 1.37 | (1.01 – | 1.87) | 146 | 0.87 | (0.65 – | 1.17) |
| Breast (female) | 494 | 17 | 1.35 | (0.70 – | 2.64) | 22 | 1.10 | (0.60 – | 2.02) |
| Uterus | 103 | 6 | 1.98 | (0.46 – | 8.53) | 7 | 0.40 | (0.05 – | 3.12) |
| Female HPV-related genital | 115 | 3 | 0.35 | (0.05 – | 2.68) | 19 | 3.43 | (1.44 – | 8.19) |
| Thyroid | 230 | 7 | 0.23 | (0.03 – | 1.71) | 15 | 1.93 | (0.88 – | 4.24) |
| Melanoma | 499 | 44 | 1.35 | (0.82 – | 2.22) | 71 | 1.75 | (1.17 – | 2.62) |
| Other skin‡ | 214 | 39 | 1.74 | (1.06 – | 2.86) | 74 | 3.69 | (2.45 – | 5.55) |
| MCC | 103 | 20 | 2.10 | (1.05 – | 4.22) | 30 | 3.58 | (1.96 – | 6.53) |
| Other | 111 | 19 | 1.44 | (0.71 – | 2.95) | 44 | 3.78 | (2.17 – | 6.59) |
| NHL | 1492 | 27 | 0.67 | (0.39 – | 1.13) | 54 | 0.79 | (0.54 – | 1.18) |
| DLBCL§ | 901 | 16 | 0.56 | (0.27 – | 1.15) | 35 | 1.13 | (0.72 – | 1.80) |
| Other NHL | 591 | 11 | 0.85 | (0.39 – | 1.83) | 19 | 0.41 | (0.19 – | 0.89) |
| Myeloma | 115 | 4 | 1.19 | (0.40 – | 3.52) | 10 | 1.22 | (0.49 – | 3.03) |
| Acute leukemia | 125 | 1 | 0.42 | (0.06 – | 3.20) | 3 | 0.91 | (0.28 – | 3.02) |
Abbreviations: KC = keratinocytic carcinoma; BCC = basal cell carcinoma; SCC = squamous cell carcinoma; HPV = human papillomavirus; MCC = Merkel cell carcinoma; NHL = non-Hodgkin lymphoma; DLBCL = diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Cox regression models with age as the time scale, adjusted for sex, year of transplantation, type of organ transplanted, and time since transplantation. BCC and SCC are time-dependent variables each included in the same model.
Internal squamous cell cancers were identified using SEER histology codes 8052, 8070–8078, 8083, and 8084.
Histology codes were used to define Merkel cell carcinoma (8247) and other types of skin cancer (8123, 8140, 8200, 8390, 8400–8402, 8407, 8409, 8410, 8413, 8560, 8800–8802, 8830, 8832, 8890, and 9120).
Histology codes were used to define DLBCL (9678–9680, 9684, 9688, 9712, 9737, 9738).