Table 4.
Whole-brain regression of trauma symptoms on activation across Stroop tasks. Correlations with avoidance symptom severity and a composite of re-experiencing and arousal symptom severity, as measured by the PDS, are presented separately for blocked and event-related activity. The z score presented represents peak activation in the cluster. Pearson correlation (r) represents the correlation between percent signal change of a 5 mm sphere around the peak coordinate for significant clusters from the whole-brain regression. All coordinates presented in MNI space. R = right. L = left. BA = Brodmann's area. I = incongruent. P = positive. T = threat.
| Region | BA | z | Voxels | x | y | z |
r (Block/trial) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | P | T | |||||||
| Avoidance Symptoms | |||||||||
| Blocked activity | |||||||||
| Incongruent vs. Fixation | |||||||||
| Cerebellum (R)a | – | 2.94 | 695 | 38 | − 82 | − 38 | − 0.22 | – | – |
| Cerebellum (L) | – | 2.45 | 273 | 2 | − 92 | − 26 | − 0.53 | – | – |
| Amygdala (L) | – | 4.78 | 263 | − 18 | − 4 | − 14 | − 0.70 | – | – |
| Hippocampus (L) | – | 3.55 | 235 | − 10 | − 8 | − 22 | − 0.56 | – | – |
| Medial frontal cortex (L) | 32 | 3.80 | 170 | − 6 | 30 | − 16 | − 0.53 | – | – |
| Brain stem (R) | – | 4.27 | 145 | 24 | − 34 | − 34 | − 0.51 | – | – |
| Superior temporal gyrus (R) | 38 | 3.12 | 101 | 46 | 6 | − 14 | − 0.53 | – | – |
| Superior temporal gyrus (L) | 38 | 4.01 | 93 | − 50 | 24 | − 24 | − 0.50 | – | – |
| Middle temporal gyrus (L) | 21 | 2.78 | 88 | − 66 | − 4 | − 12 | − 0.42 | – | – |
| Postcentral gyrus (L) | 4 | 3.40 | 64 | − 68 | − 8 | 20 | − 0.42 | – | – |
| Inferior temporal gyrus (L) | 20 | 3.05 | 38 | − 56 | − 28 | − 22 | − 0.29 | – | – |
| Middle frontal gyrus (L) | 10 | 1.43 | 36 | − 30 | 44 | 20 | − 0.47 | – | – |
| Inferior temporal gyrus (L) | 20 | 1.82 | 29 | − 62 | − 54 | − 18 | − 0.52 | – | – |
| Inferior frontal gyrus/insula (L) | 45/13 | 2.29 | 28 | − 40 | 24 | − 2 | − 0.66 | – | – |
| Precentral gyrus (L) | 6 | 1.36 | 19 | − 48 | 2 | 32 | − 0.51 | – | – |
| Positive vs. Fixation | |||||||||
| Superior parietal lobule (R) | 7 | 5.29 | 19 | 28 | − 62 | 66 | – | 0.31 | – |
| Event-Related Activity | |||||||||
| positive > neutral positive | |||||||||
| Superior frontal gyrus (L) | 6 | 3.19 | 12 | − 22 | 10 | 65 | − 0.31 | ||
| threat > neutral threat | |||||||||
| Parahippocampal gyrus (R)a | 30 | 5.89 | 35 | 10 | − 36 | 6 | – | – | − 0.32 |
| Re-Experiencing and Arousal Symptoms | |||||||||
| Blocked Activity | |||||||||
| Incongruent vs. Fixation | |||||||||
| Supramarginal gyrus (L) | 40 | 1.18 | 16 | − 40 | − 46 | 36 | − 0.69 | – | – |
| Threat vs. Fixation | |||||||||
| Fusiform gyrus (R) | 20 | 2.94 | 15 | 38 | − 10 | − 26 | – | – | 0.77 |
| Positive vs. Fixation | |||||||||
| Cuneus (R) | 18 | 3.20 | 458 | 4 | − 94 | 20 | – | 0.61 | – |
| Cuneus (R) | 18 | 5.55 | 259 | 18 | − 78 | 32 | – | 0.55 | – |
| Lingual gyrus (R) | 19 | 3.52 | 208 | 16 | − 68 | − 2 | – | 0.29 | – |
| Middle temporal gyrus (R) | 21 | 2.75 | 118 | 48 | − 12 | − 18 | – | 0.26 | – |
| Cerebellum (L) | – | 2.03 | 39 | − 20 | − 86 | − 34 | – | 0.48 | – |
| Superior temporal gyrus (L) | 22 | 2.23 | 26 | − 60 | − 10 | 2 | – | 0.24 | – |
| Superior temporal gyrus (L) | 38 | 1.65 | 22 | − 40 | 0 | − 22 | – | 0.47 | – |
| Superior temporal gyrus (R) | 22 | 2.16 | 12 | 58 | − 10 | 6 | – | 0.62 | – |
| Event-Related Activity | |||||||||
| incongruent > neutral incongruent | |||||||||
| Middle frontal gyrus (L) | 8 | 3.01 | 49 | − 36 | 40 | 42 | − 0.20 | – | – |
| Middle occipital gyrus (L) | 19 | 7.07 | 25 | − 40 | − 88 | 22 | − 0.36 | – | – |
| Parahippocampal gyrus (R) | 36 | 4.50 | 13 | 16 | − 6 | − 36 | − 0.39 | – | – |
a
Controlling for depressive symptoms resulted in an r < 0.10.