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. 2017 Aug 3;8:866. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00866

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Copyright © 2017 Bianchi, Allegri, Chiu, Costa, Blosi, Ortelli, Bussolati and Bergamaschi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Assessment of the pro-inflammatory gene response elicited by P25/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages. mRNA expression levels of Tnfa (A) and Ifnb (B) were assessed in Raw264.7 cells after 6 and 24 h of exposure to the indicated experimental conditions (see legend to Figure 2 for details). Control cells (−) were incubated in plain serum-supplemented medium. Data are means of two (for Tnfa) or three (for Ifnb) independent experiments each performed in duplicate with SD shown. *, **, *** p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001 vs. cells treated with P25 at the same experimental time; ^##, ^###, p < 0.01, p < 0.001 vs. cells treated with LPS at the same experimental time; ^$$, p < 0.01 vs. cells treated with P25/LPS at 6 h, as evaluated by two-tailed t-test for unpaired data.