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Evaluation of intracellular transduction pathways triggered by P25/LPS. Raw264.7 cells were incubated in the presence of P25 (128 µg/ml), LPS (10 ng/ml), or P25/LPS (nominal doses of 128 µg/ml, for TiO2 NP, and 40 pg/ml, for LPS). At the end of the incubation, the activation of ERK1/2, p38, Jun, and IRF3 was evaluated through the WB analysis of their phosphorylated forms. Representative experiments, performed twice with comparable results, are shown.
