Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of the sample of N = 4,854. For socio-demographic data, mean ± standard deviation and percentages and absolute numbers (in parenthesis) respectively are reported. P-values refer to differences between ex-combatants, civilian war survivors, and persons without any war experience tested by Kruskal-Wallis1 and chi 2 2.
| Whole group | Ex-combatants | Civilian war survivors | No war experience | p | |
| Total Number | 4,854 | 250 | 2,667 | 1,937 | - |
| Male | 2,449 | 240 | 1,201 | 1,008 | |
| Female | 2,405 | 10 | 1,466 | 929 | < 0.0012 |
| Age | 22.2 ± 17.8 | 42.8 ± 13.5 | 28.7 ± 16.6 | 10.7 ± 12.1 | < 0.0011 |
| Age range | 0 – 102 | 12 – 102 | 0 – 101 | 0 – 90 | - |
| Years of formal education | 2.6 ± 4.1 | 5.2 ± 5.6 | 3.3 ± 4.3 | 1.4 ± 3.0 | < 0.0011 |
| Economic situation of household* | 2.8 ± 1.8 | 2.5 ± 1.7 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 2.8 ± 1.8 | 0.0051 |
| Percentage of khat users in week before interview among men > 12 yrs | 31.3% (495 of 1,581) | 60.3% (144 of 239) | 28.1% (306 of 1,090) | 17.9% (45 of 252) | < 0.0012 |
| Khat bundles/week before interview among khat chewing men > 12 yrs | 7.6 ± 4.4 | 7.9 ± 4.8 | 7.6 ± 4.4 | 6.7 ± 3.2 | 0.5441 |
| 'Screening cases' among men > 12 yrs | 8.4% (133 of 1,581) | 15.9% (38 of 239) | 8.0% (87 of 1,090) | 3.2% (8 of 252) | < 0.0012 |
| 'Screening cases' among women > 12 yrs | 1.9% (30 of 1,600) | 20% (1 of 5) | 1.6% (22 of 1,372) | 2.8% (7 of 248) | 0.0662 |
* The household economic situation was approximated as the sum of four significant assets (water tap, electrical power, TV set, car) and type of housing (hut = 1, house = 2, closed compound = 3). The mean of the two ratings is presented. For the combined rating Cronbach's Alpha = 0.78; correlation with income = 0.73, p < 0.001.