Table 3.
Content of biogenic amines in analyzed beers (µg/dm3 ± standard deviation, n = 3)
| Beer | MA | BUA | isoBUA | isoPEA | PUT | SPD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pale lager A | 78 ± 11 | 11.3 ± 1.6 | 5.76 ± 0.80 | N/A | 5325 ± 241 | 192.7 ± 5.6 |
| Premium lager A | 128 ± 14 | N/A | 8.62 ± 0.77 | 792.9 ± 7.1 | 7158 ± 653 | 739 ± 81 |
| Strong pale lager A1 | 105.4 ± 6.8 | N/A | 7.96 ± 0.35 | 284 ± 11 | 6592 ± 126 | 367.2 ± 5.4 |
| Strong pale lager A2 | 158.4 ± 8.9 | N/A | 9.36 ± 0.84 | 766 ± 25 | 8000 ± 109 | 781 ± 51 |
| Standard american lager B | 168.6 ± 6.5 | 9.5 ± 1.1 | 11.3 ± 1.1 | 1043 ± 30 | 7858 ± 101 | 218 ± 29 |
| Strong pale lager C | 107.7 ± 6.0 | 8.616 ± 0.067 | 10.362 ± 0.067 | 216.9 ± 6.5 | 6425 ± 25 | 381 ± 56 |
| Standard american lager C | 84.6 ± 9.2 | N/A | 6.61 ± 0.35 | N/A | 4875 ± 222 | 271.8 ± 8.3 |
| Pale lager C1 | N/A | N/A | 7.88 ± 0.42 | N/A | 5908 ± 184 | 245 ± 20 |
| Pale lager C2 | 85.7 ± 6.4 | N/A | 5.70 ± 0.42 | N/A | 5667 ± 88 | 260 ± 18 |
| Pale lager D | 87.4 ± 4.0 | N/A | 6.73 ± 0.55 | 293.9 ± 4.4 | 4567 ± 138 | 105 ± 11 |
| Strong pale lager D | N/A | N/A | 8.5 ± 1.0 | N/A | 4858 ± 250 | N/A |
| Pale lager E | 84.7 ± 2.4 | N.A | 7.95 ± 0.54 | 203.4 ± 5.3 | 5958 ± 142 | 444 ± 16 |
| Strong pale lager F | 170.4 ± 2.0 | 13.52 ± 0.80 | 16.4 ± 2.0 | 172 ± 10 | 6475 ± 87 | 428 ± 16 |
| Premium lager F | 198 ± 15 | 8.37 ± 0.67 | 10.02 ± 0.83 | 435 ± 19 | 6608 ± 270 | 638.5 ± 6.3 |
| Pale lager F1 | 159.6 ± 9.7 | N/A | 11.31 ± 0.12 | 756 ± 66 | 7167 ± 76 | 721 ± 82 |
| Pale lager F2 | 225 ± 11 | 11.7 ± 1.3 | 13.5 ± 1.3 | 560 ± 46 | 7300 ± 307 | 838 ± 59 |
| Premium american lager G | N/A | N/A | 4.429 ± 0.094 | N/A | 4725 ± 413 | 910 ± 90 |
| Pale lager G1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3917 ± 227 | 653 ± 58 |
| Pale lager G2 | 112.4 ± 9.3 | N/A | 5.55 ± 0.12 | N/A | 6100 ± 132 | 1408 ± 76 |
| Premium lager H | 124 ± 21 | N/A | 9.36 ± 0.90 | N/A | 6750 ± 71 | 489 ± 22 |
| Strong pale lager I | 357 ± 19 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 4550 ± 205 | N/A |
| Pale lager I | 193 ± 16 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3700 ± 427 | N/A |
| Non alcoholic lager J | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3588 ± 371 | 739 ± 74 |
| Witbier J | 92.9 ± 5.8 | 14.09 ± 0.79 | 4.262 ± 0.047 | 742.9 ± 7.1 | 5958 ± 29 | 222.2 ± 2.5 |
| Pale lager J1 | 168 ± 13 | N/A | N/A | 925 ± 10 | 7417 ± 146 | 1301 ± 106 |
| Pale lager J2 | 108 ± 11 | N/A | 5.846 ± 0.071 | 179.9 ± 7.1 | 6867 ± 535 | 400.37 ± 0.88 |
| Pale lager J3 | N/A | N/A | 5.17 ± 0.55 | 463 ± 20 | 4542 ± 138 | 483 ± 22 |
| Pale lager K | 186 ± 12 | 11.9 ± 1.1 | 13.7 ± 1.1 | 466 ± 38 | 8242 ± 406 | 1089 ± 82 |
| CV/% | 1.2–14.5 | 0.77–14 | 0.64–13.9 | 0.89–8.7 | 0.39–11.5 | 0.22–14.6 |
| Beer | SPM | TYR | TRP | HIS | AGM | CAD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pale lager A | 178 ± 19 | 1240 ± 74 | 157.7 ± 5.9 | N/A | N/A | 238 ± 21 |
| Premium lager A | N/A | 905 ± 61 | 216 ± 30 | 66.1 ± 4.1 | 7257 ± 498 | 494 ± 27 |
| Strong pale lager A1 | 187 ± 16 | 816 ± 93 | 213 ± 11 | 54.5 ± 2.1 | 5983 ± 354 | 303 ± 20 |
| Strong pale lager A2 | 181.0 ± 9.6 | 1274 ± 164 | 235.2 ± 6.4 | 82.3 ± 2.8 | 7651 ± 209 | 665 ± 39 |
| Standard american lager B | N/A | 1413 ± 195 | 4239 ± 151 | 83.9 ± 4.9 | 11,509 ± 509 | 1089 ± 47 |
| Strong pale lager C | 239 ± 12 | 757 ± 58 | 195.7 ± 6.5 | 70.2 ± 9.1 | N/A | 316 ± 36 |
| Standard american lager C | N/A | N/A | 151.2 ± 9.8 | N/A | N/A | 428 ± 26 |
| Pale lager C1 | 218.5 ± 7.9 | 791 ± 60 | 191 ± 11 | 66.9 ± 6.9 | N/A | 390 ± 18 |
| Pale lager C2 | 214 ± 13 | N/A | 176.76 ± 0.95 | N/A | N/A | 185.2 ± 8.1 |
| Pale lager D | N/A | N/A | 149.4 ± 8.8 | N/A | 6659 ± 473 | 174.5 ± 5.3 |
| Strong pale lager D | N/A | N/A | 173 ± 10 | N/A | N/A | 210 ± 24 |
| Pale lager E | N/A | N/A | 163.0 ± 5.4 | N/A | 5831 ± 186 | 285 ± 27 |
| Strong pale lager F | 202 ± 15 | N/A | 191.3 ± 9.9 | N/A | 11,274 ± 635 | 291 ± 14 |
| Premium lager F | 194.7 ± 7.1 | N/A | 157 ± 11 | N/A | 10,111 ± 552 | 341 ± 10 |
| Pale lager F1 | 218.3 ± 3.2 | N/A | 161.3 ± 8.5 | N/A | 6729 ± 433 | 413 ± 33 |
| Pale lager F2 | 233.8 ± 4.4 | N/A | 188 ± 11 | N/A | 8385 ± 283 | 361 ± 18 |
| Premium american lager G | 210 ± 17 | N/A | 137 ± 12 | N/A | 5496 ± 199 | N/A |
| Pale lager G1 | 152 ± 10 | N/A | 152.1 ± 3.8 | N/A | 5543 ± 634 | 177 ± 16 |
| Pale lager G2 | 163 ± 14 | N/A | 171 ± 13 | N/A | 11,332 ± 443 | 219 ± 15 |
| Premium lager H | N/A | N/A | 206 ± 14 | N/A | 9503 ± 311 | 372.5 ± 2.8 |
| Strong pale lager I | N/A | N/A | 228 ± 23 | N/A | N/A | 463 ± 43 |
| Pale lager I | N/A | N/A | 129.1 ± 8.3 | N/A | N/A | 203.2 ± 1.2 |
| Non alcoholic lager J | N/A | 1720 ± 85 | 102.6 ± 8.4 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Witbier J | N/A | 12,773 ± 214 | 140.4 ± 2.9 | 93.3 ± 2.6 | N/A | 553 ± 29 |
| Pale lager J1 | 239 ± 14 | 16,800 ± 140 | 253 ± 11 | 50.86 ± 0.18 | 11,009 ± 374 | 348.5 ± 5.7 |
| Pale lager J2 | 178 ± 13 | 897 ± 44 | 176 ± 12 | N/A | 7892 ± 975 | 234 ± 20 |
| Pale lager J3 | N/A | 12,707 ± 133 | 134 ± 12 | N/A | N/A | 181.5 ± 1.4 |
| Pale lager K | 213 ± 14 | 1405 ± 182 | 319 ± 10 | 48.6 ± 5.4 | 9847 ± 643 | 479 ± 47 |
| CV/% | 1.5–10.4 | 0.83–13.8 | 0.54–13.5 | 0.35–13 | 2.7–12.3 | 0.57–11.5 |
N/A not available
C coefficient of variation CV = RSD/Xśr [%]