Table 3. Primary and Secondary Outcomes After Targeted Temperature Management.
| 48-Hour Group (n = 175) | 24-Hour Group (n = 176) | Difference, % (95% CI) | Relative Risk or Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome, No. (%) | |||||
| CPC score of 1 or 2 at 6 moa | 120 (69) | 112 (64) | 4.9 (−5 to 14.8) | 1.08 (0.93 to 1.25) | .33 |
| Secondary outcomes, No. (%) | |||||
| ICU mortality | 26 (15) | 30 (17) | −2.1 (−9.7 to 5.5) | 0.88 (0.54 to 1.42) | .59 |
| Hospital mortality | 40 (23) | 44 (25) | −2 (−10.9 to 6.9) | 0.92 (0.63 to 1.34) | .66 |
| Mortality at 6 mo | 48 (27) | 60 (34) | −6.5 (−16.1 to 3.1) | 0.81 (0.59 to 1.11) | .19 |
| Adverse events, No. (%) | |||||
| Any adverse event | 169 (97) | 161 (91) | 5.6 (0.6 to 10.6) | 1.06 (1.01 to 1.12) | .03 |
| Pneumonia | 86 (49) | 76 (43) | 6.2 (−4.2 to 16.6) | 1.14 (0.91 to 1.44) | .24 |
| Any bleeding | 17 (10) | 23 (13) | −3.3 (−9.9 to 3.3) | 0.75 (0.41 to 1.35) | .33 |
| Resource use, median (IQR) | |||||
| Time receiving mechanical ventilation, hb,c | 120 (99 to 146) | 87 (72 to 106) | 26 (16 to 36) | 1.37 (1.19 to 1.59) | <.001 |
| Survivors, h | 121 (98 to 149) | 85 (69 to 105) | 28 (18 to 38) | 1.41 (1.22 to 1.64) | <.001 |
| Nonsurvivors, h | 107 (71 to 163) | 151 (89 to 256) | −79 (−205 to 48) | 0.71 (0.37 to 1.37) | .35 |
| ICU length of stay, hc | 151 (127 to 178) | 117 (99 to 138) | 28 (15 to 41) | 1.3 (1.14 to 1.47)c | <.001 |
| Survivors, h | 184 (141 to 240) | 134 (103 to 175) | 30 (17 to 44) | 1.37 (1.22 to 1.54) | <.001 |
| Nonsurvivors, h | 92 (66 to 129) | 88 (64 to 121) | 9 (−25 to 44) | 1.04 (0.66 to 1.64) | .86 |
| Hospital length of stay, dc | 11.1 (9.3 to 13.3) | 11.8 (9.9 to 14.1) | −0.85 (−2.6 to 0.9) | 0.94 (0.79 to 1.11) | .50 |
| Survivors, d | 15.9 (12.6 to 20) | 17.2 (13.7 to 21.6) | −1.15 (−3.1 to 0.8) | 0.93 (0.8 to 1.06) | .28 |
| Nonsurvivors, d | 5.1 (3.6 to 7.1) | 5.3 (3.8 to 7.5) | 0 (−1.9 to 1.9) | 0.95 (0.64 to 1.41) | .79 |
The relative risks are unadjusted. The P values are from the results of χ2 analysis of categorical data from a nonparametric comparison of continuous data. CPC indicates Cerebral Performance Categories; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.
In the 24-hour group, 100% equals 176 because 1 patient was alive but lost to follow-up. CPC score: 1, alert, able to work and lead a normal life; 2, moderate cerebral disability and sufficient cerebral function for part-time work; 3, severe cerebral disability, dependent on others, and impaired brain function; 4, coma and vegetative state; 5, dead or certified brain dead.
Time calculated as time to extubation.
Comparison of the geometric means between groups. Difference was calculated with the Hodges-Lehmann estimator.