Table 5.

Time-Updated HIV-1 RNA Viral Load, CD4 Cell Count, and the Risk of Heart Failure (HF) Type Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Infected Veterans^a

Variable	Total HF	HFpEF≥50%	Borderline HFpEF 40%-49%	HFrEF	EF Missing
CD4 cells/mm3
≥500	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
200–499	1.26 (1.07–1.49)	1.28 (0.97–1.72)	0.67 (0.17–2.63)	1.23 (0.95–1.60)	1.98 (1.22–3.20)
<200	2.09 (1.71–2.55)	1.87 (1.28–2.73)	2.10 (1.30–3.39)	1.87 (1.36–2.57)	3.37 (1.95–5.84)
HIV-1 RNA viral load copies/mL
<500	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
≥500	1.31 (1.12–1.53)	1.07 (0.80–1.43)	1.26 (0.84–1.89)	1.63 (1.28–2.08)	1.18 (0.79–1.75)

Abbreviations: EF, ejection fraction; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

^aModels are simultaneously adjusted for HIV-1 RNA viral load, CD4 cell count, age, race/ethnicity, hypertension, lipid levels, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, smoking status, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor use, hepatitis C virus infection, renal disease, body mass index, substance use, atrial fibrillation, major depression, and baseline antiretroviral therapy regimen.