Table 2.
Results from the UK Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire for 63 South Asian men participating in this study
| Questionnaire item | Mean score (SD) | 95% CI | Median score (IQR) | Equivalent categorical score | No (%) of participants achieving ‘healthy’ scores* |
| Vegetables† | 3.65 (0.94) | 3.42 to 3.89 | 4 (3–4) | 1–2 times a day | 45 (71.4) |
| Fruit† | 3.51 (1.15) | 3.22 to 3.80 | 4 (3–4) | 1–2 times a day | 43 (68.3) |
| Cakes and biscuits‡ | 3.30 (1.29) | 2.98 to 3.63 | 4 (3–4) | Once a week or less often | 36 (57.1) |
| Chocolate and sweets‡ | 3.73 (1.31) | 3.40 to 4.06 | 4 (3–5) | Once a week or less often | 45 (71.4) |
| Sweet drinks‡ | 2.16 (1.75) | 1.72 to 2.60 | 1 (1–4) | 1–2 times a day | 19 (30.2) |
| Full-fat spread‡ | 4.13 (1.09) | 3.85 to 4.40 | 4 (4–5) | Once a week or less often | 49 (77.8) |
| High-fat cheese§ | 3.49 (1.12) | 3.21 to 3.77 | 3 (3–5) | Once a week | 30 (47.6) |
| Processed meat§ | 4.00 (1.14) | 3.71 to 4.29 | 5 (3–5) | Never or very rarely | 37 (58.7) |
| Salted snacks§ | 2.48 (1.06) | 2.21 to 2.74 | 2 (2–3) | 2–5 times a week | 11 (17.5) |
| Savoury pastries§ | 3.57 (0.91) | 3.34 to 3.80 | 4 (3–4) | Less than once a week | 33 (52.4) |
| Fast foods§ | 3.43 (1.00) | 3.18 to 3.68 | 3 (3–4) | Once a week | 29 (46.0) |
| Puddings§ | 3.75 (1.16) | 3.45 to 4.04 | 4 (3–5) | Less than once a week | 40 (63.5) |
| Alcohol¶ | 4.21 (1.12) | 3.92 to 4.49 | 5 (3–5) | Less than once a week | 44 (69.8) |
| Oily fish** | 1.84 (1.85) | 1.38 to 2.31 | 2 (0–4) | Less than once a week | 19 (30.2) |
| 3–4 meals/day†† | 4.10 (1.54) | 3.71 to 4.48 | 5 (4–5) | Every day | 48 (76.2) |
| Breakfast†† | 4.27 (1.43) | 3.91 to 4.63 | 5 (4–5) | Every day | 50 (79.4) |
| High-fat/sugar snack‡‡ | 2.86 (1.50) | 2.48 to 3.24 | 3 (2–4) | Once a week | 23 (36.5) |
| High-fibre bread§§ | 4.08 (1.32) | 3.75 to 4.41 | 5 (4–5) | All of the time | 48 (76.2) |
| High-fibre cereal§§ | 4.11 (1.80) | 3.66 to 4.56 | 5 (4–5) | All of the time | 52 (82.5) |
| Type of milk¶¶ | 2.17 (1.78) | 1.73 to 2.62 | 3 (0–3) | Semiskimmed | 9 (14.3) |
| UKDD score | 3.44 (0.43) | 3.33 to 3.55 | 4 (3–4) | 34 (54.0) |
*Healthy defined as a score of 4 or 5 (A or B).
†Never/very rarely, 0; once a week or less, 1; 2–4 times a week, 2; 5–6 times a week, 3; 1–2 times a day, 4; 3 or more times a day, 5.
‡Never/very rarely, 5; once a week or less, 4; 2–4 times a week, 3; 5–6 times a week, 2; 1–2 times a day, 1; 3 or more times a day, 0.
§Never/very rarely, 5; less than once a week, 4; once a week, 3; 2–5 times a week, 3; nearly every day or daily, 1; twice or more per day, 0.
¶Never/very rarely, 5; less than once a week, 5; once a week, 3; 2–5 times a week, 3; nearly every day or daily, 1; twice or more per day, 0.
**Never, 0; less than once a week, 1; once a week, 4; twice or more per week, 5.
††Never/very rarely, 0; less than once a week, 1; once a week, 2; 2–4 times a week, 3; 5–6 times a week, 4; every day, 5.
‡‡Never/very rarely, 5; less than once a week, 4; once a week, 3; 2–4 times a week, 2; 5–6 times a week, 1; every day, 0.
§§All of the time, 5; most of the time, 4; about half the time, 3; less than half the time, 1; never, 0; I did not eat bread/cereal, 5;
¶¶Full fat, 0; semiskimmed, 3; skimmed, 5; varies, 2; non-dairy milk, 5; none, 5.
UKDDQ , UK Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire.