Table 1.
Demographics, risk factors and clinical aspects of primary cutaneous aspergillosis in preterm neonates
| N° [Ref] | Gestation (weeks) | Sex | Birth weight (g) | Age (days) | Antibiotics (days) | Steroids (days) | Type of skin lesions | Site of skin lesions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 [11] | 26 | F | 800 | 14 | Yes (7) | NR | Single erythematous nodule with pustules | Left mid-back |
| 2 [12] | 25 | M | 635 | 5 | Yes | NR | Erythematous papules with central pustules becoming necrotic ulcers | Lower back, legs |
| 3 [19] | 25 | F | 785 | 6 | Yes (6) | Yes (1) | Crusted lesions with erythematous borders | Back, axillae |
| 4 [19] | Preterm | M | 670 | 7 | Yes | No | NR | NR |
| 5 [33] | 24 | M | 710 | 6 | Yes | NR | Two ulcerations surrounded by multiple abscesses | Back |
| 6 [15] | 27 | M | 1500 | 8 | Yes (7) | Yes (2) | Indurated pustule surrounded by erythema becoming eroded and with marginal pustules | Foot |
| 7 [34] | 26 | M | 825 | 10 | NR | NR | Maculopapular rash becoming pustular lesions | NR |
| 8 [35] | 25 | NR | 615 | 7 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 9 [3] | 26 | M | 960 | 30 | Yes | Yes (8) | Dark-red plaque and pustules | Leg |
| 10 [13] | 32 | F | 1470 | 13 | Yes (7) | NR | Indurated abscess with erythematous overlying skin | Axilla |
| 11 [16] | 25 | M | 530 | 3 | Yes | Yes | Greyish-white lesions becoming eschars | Thighs, penis |
| 12 [16] | 29 | M | 440 | 6 | Yes | Yes | Pustules becoming eschars | Thighs, penis |
| 13 [16] | 26 | M | 540 | 5 | Yes | Yes | Erythema becoming eschars | Genital area |
| 14 [16] | 26 | M | 715 | 8 | Yes | No | Erythema leading to skin defects | Penis, genital area, abdomen |
| 15 [7] | Preterm | M | 900 | 17 | Yes (17) | No | Ulcers with black eschars | Cheek, nose, ear |
| 16 [20] | Preterm | NR | 792 | 3 | NR | NR | Necrotic skin lesions | Abdomen |
| 17 [13] | Preterm | NR | 420 | 7 | NR | NR | Necrotic skin lesions | Abdomen |
| 18 [21] | 29 | NR | 1300 | 14 | Yes | NR | Erythematous skin lesion becoming necrotic ulcers | Near the mouth |
| 19 [5] | 25 | M | 750 | 13 | Yes (7) | Yes | Erythematous lesions with a central pustule and yellow crust becoming necrotic eschars | Scrotum, buttock |
| 20 [36] | 24 | NR | 510 | 12 | Yes (12) | NR | Abrasion becoming necrotic eschar surrounded by erythema | Abdomen, chest, back |
| 21 [25] | 26 | M | 825 | NR | Yes | Yes | Necrotic purpura and erythema with satellite lesions | Neck, abdomen, lower extremity |
| 22 [25] | 28 | F | 580 | NR | Yes | No | Necrotic ulcers becoming eschar | Sacrum |
| 23 [25] | 26 | M | 580 | NR | Yes | Yes | Crusted erosion becoming eschar | Chest tube site |
| 24 [25] | 27 | F | 720 | NR | Yes | Yes | Necrotic purpura | Face, lower extremity |
| 25 [25] | 24 | F | 570 | NR | Yes | No | Necrotic lesions | Back |
| 26 [37] | 24 | M | 653 | 6 | Yes (6) | NR | Dark crusted efflorescences surrounded by erythema | Back |
| 27 [32] | 24 | F | 600 | 5 | Yes | NR | Periumbilical smoky-grey removable patches, erythema, maceration and pustules | Umbilicus, back |
| 28 [32] | 23 | M | 540 | 7 | Yes | NR | Umbilical smoky-grey removable patches, erythema and maceration | Umbilicus, leg, abdomen, chest |
| 29 [38] | 24 | M | 651 | 10 | Yes (10) | NR | Moist white to yellow abrasion becoming a necrotic lesion | Back |
| 30 [39] | 27 | F | 750 | 12 | Yes | NR | Erythema becoming necrotic lesions | Back |
| 31 [17] | 24 | M | 600 | 6 | Yes | NR | Confluent blisters with central necrosis surrounded by erythema | Back, axillae, perineum |
| 32 [18] | 24 | M | 760 | 3 | NR | NR | Purpuric and ulcerated rash becoming verrucous and crusted necrotic lesions | Back, chest, limbs |
| 33 [18] | 23 | M | 610 | 10 | Yes (10) | NR | Circular papules with white eschars | Back |
| 34 [18] | 24 | M | 590 | 10 | Yes (5) | NR | Circular maculopapular lesions | Back, axillae, neck |
| 35 [40] | 27 | F | 730 | 10 | NR | NR | Erythematous plaque becoming hemorrhagic ulceration with abscesses | Arm, trunk, abdomen |
| 36 [41] | 25 | F | 490 | 33 | NR | NR | Small hyper-pigmented nodule with a smaller satellite lesion | Hip |
| 37 [42] | 24 | M | 750 | 5–12 | Yes (10d) | NR | Vesicles becoming nodules with yellow crusted central necrosis evolving into ulcers | Inguinal area |
| 38 [43] | 25 | M | NR | 8 | Yes | NR | Single circular crusted papule with surrounding erythema | Left hip |
| 39 [44] | 25 | M | 550 | 4 | Yes (4d) | NR | Erythema with elevated edges, central ulceration and white-greyish exudate | Cervical region |
| 40 Twin A | 24 | M | 614 | 6 | Yes (3d) | Yes (10) | Crusted greenish ulcerations | Umbilicus, abdomen |
| 41 Twin B | 24 | M | 760 | 10 | Yes (6d) | Yes (10) | Erythema becoming crusted yellowish ulcerations | Umbilicus, abdomen |
NR not reported