Table 2. Comparison of pelvic floor ultrasound parameters between pregnant women with and without UI (n = 342).
| UI (n = 135) | Non-UI (n = 207) | F | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R | ||||
| α angle (°) | 120.11 ± 15.63 | 118.53 ± 16.19 | 1.711 | 0.192 |
| β angle (°) | 66.94 ± 13.26 | 62.19 ± 11.43 | 11.271 | 0.001* |
| γ angle (°) | 80.09 ± 8.59 | 78.10 ± 8.53 | 2.928 | 0.088 |
| BNVP (cm) | 2.59 ± 0.51 | 2.66 ± 0.48 | 0.833 | 0.362 |
| HA (cm2) | 11.64 ± 2.51 | 10.65 ± 1.98 | 12.250 | 0.001* |
| VM | ||||
| α angle (°) | 141.02 ± 16.44 | 137.07 ± 16.36 | 3.970 | 0.047* |
| β angle (°) | 105.84 ± 28.88 | 93.91 ± 21.16 | 15.429 | <0.001* |
| γ angle (°) | 113.95 ± 15.60 | 110.03 ± 12.74 | 4.406 | 0.037* |
| BNVP (cm) | 1.01 ± 1.03 | 1.47 ± 0.73 | 17.005 | <0.001* |
| HA (cm2) | 15.82 ± 3.53 | 13.24 ± 3.23 | 37.930 | <0.001* |
| VM-R | ||||
| α angle (°) | 20.92 ± 12.18 | 18.54 ± 14.25 | 0.815 | 0.367 |
| β angle (°) | 38.90 ± 27.01 | 31.72 ± 18.94 | 5.977 | 0.015* |
| γ angle (°) | 33.94 ± 14.72 | 31.93 ± 13.58 | 1.187 | 0.277 |
| BNVP (cm) (BND) | 1.59 ± 0.97 | 1.19 ± 0.69 | 14.459 | <0.001* |
| HA (cm2) | 4.18 ± 2.85 | 2.59 ± 2.31 | 24.279 | <0.001* |
Notes.
Significant difference between pregnant women with and without UI.
- UI
- urinary incontinence
- R
- at rest
- VM
- maximal Valsalva maneuver
- VM-R
- the difference of VM and rest
- BNVP
- bladder neck vertical position
- BND
- bladder neck descent
- HA
- hiatal area