Table 4. Characteristics of the 5161 study subjects in the EWAS for CKD.
| Characteristic | CKD | Controls | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | 3270 | 1891 | |
| Age (years) | 69.9 ± 10.9 | 53.2 ± 13.4 | <0.0001 |
| Sex (male/female, %) | 61.4/38.6 | 52.6/47.4 | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 3.5 | 23.0 ± 3.7 | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 75.3 | 43.2 | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 140 ± 26 | 128 ± 24 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77 ± 15 | 76 ± 14 | 0.0111 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 38.4 | 25.4 | <0.0001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.76 ± 2.93 | 6.39 ± 2.81 | <0.0001 |
| Blood hemoglobin A1c (%) | 6.09 ± 1.31 | 6.06 ± 1.47 | <0.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 69.0 | 56.4 | <0.0001 |
| Serum triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.58 ± 0.99 | 1.34 ± 1.15 | <0.0001 |
| Serum HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.37 ± 0.45 | 1.54 ± 0.47 | <0.0001 |
| Serum LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.06 ± 0.90 | 3.06 ± 0.85 | 0.7907 |
| Hyperuricemia (%) | 37.0 | 7.9 | <0.0001 |
| Serum uric acid (μmol/L) | 374 ± 105 | 292 ± 84 | <0.0001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.3 ± 1.6 | 13.6 ± 1.5 | <0.0001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 7.54 ± 4.41 | 4.67 ± 1.39 | <0.0001 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 130 ± 161 | 51 ± 9 | <0.0001 |
| eGFR (mL min−1 1.73 m−2) | 47.4 ± 13.2 | 102.9 ± 18.9 | <0.0001 |
Quantitative data are means ± SD and were compared between subjects with CKD and controls with the Mann-whitney u test. Categorical data were compared between the two groups with the pearson's chi-square test. Based on Bonferroni's correction, a P value of <0.0028 (0.05/18) was considered statistically significant. HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.