In the 115 lung AC cases, (A) total score, (B) intensity score, and (C) percentage score of S100A15 nuclear stain were all significantly increased in patients with advanced tumor stage (stage IIIB and IV, n = 91) compared to that in those with early tumor stage (stage I - IIIA, n = 24). (D) Total score, (E) intensity score, and (F) percentage score of S100A15 nuclear stain were significantly increased in lung AC patients with distant metastasis (M1, n=77) as compared with that in those without distant metastasis (M0, n=38). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significantly reduced (G) one-year overall survival (p=0.024 by log-rank test) and (H) three-year overall survival (p = 0.049 by the log-rank test) in the 33 AC patients receiving first line target therapy and harboring high nuclear expressions of S100A15 (total score < 3), compared with that in the 7 AC patients receiving first line target therapy and harboring low nuclear expressions of S100A15 (total score < 3). Immunohistochemistry analysis of S100A15 in paraffin embedded sections of (I) histologically proven AC, stage 1B, with nuclear percentage score 2 and nuclear intensity score 2, and (J) AC, stage 4, with nuclear nuclear percentage score 3 and intensity score 3.