Table 3. Descriptive analysis and internal consistency of the items via Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.
| Average | SD | Maximum Score | Minimum Score | Cronbach’s alpha if part was omitted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P.1 I never have enough time for the phone. | 2.72 | 2.03 | 10 | 1 | .940 |
| P.2 When I feel bad, I use the phone to make myself feel better. | 3.16 | 2.48 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.3. I spend time on the phone when I should be doing other things, which causes problems. | 3.05 | 2.31 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.4 I have tried to hide from others the amount of time I spend on the phone. | 1.87 | 1.74 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.5 Cell phone use has taken away hours of my sleep. | 2.86 | 2.50 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.6 I have spent more than I should or could afford on the phone. | 1.98 | 1.92 | 10 | 1 | .937 |
| P.7 If I am not reachable, I worry that I miss calls. | 3.45 | 2.65 | 10 | 1 | .938 |
| P.8 Occasionally, while talking on the phone and engaged in an activity, I lose track of what I am doing due to the phone conversation. | 3.47 | 2.45 | 10 | 1 | .937 |
| P.9 The time I spend on the phone has increased in the past 12 months. | 3.41 | 2.64 | 10 | 1 | .937 |
| P.10 I have used my phone to talk to others when I felt lonely or isolated. | 3.91 | 2.82 | 10 | 1 | .938 |
| P.11 I have tried to spend less time on the phone but have been unable to do so. | 2.29 | 2.04 | 10 | 1 | .935 |
| P.12 I have a hard time turning off the phone. | 3.58 | 3.01 | 10 | 1 | .937 |
| P.13 I feel nervous if I haven’t checked messages or if I haven’t turned on the phone. | 2.96 | 2.38 | 10 | 1 | .935 |
| P.14 I tend to dream of the phone. | 1.53 | 1.48 | 10 | 1 | .937 |
| P.15 My friends and family complain because I use the phone too much. | 2.22 | 2.05 | 10 | 1 | .935 |
| P.16 If I didn’t have a phone, my friends would have a hard time getting in touch with me. | 4.53 | 2.93 | 10 | 1 | .941 |
| P.17 My performance has suffered due to the time I spend on the phone. | 1.97 | 1.83 | 10 | 1 | .935 |
| P.18 I have issues that are associated with my phone use. | 1.85 | 1.82 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.19 I am attached to the phone for more time than I would like to be. | 2.73 | 2.40 | 10 | 1 | .935 |
| P.20 Sometimes, I prefer to use the phone rather than deal with other more urgent matters. | 2.04 | 1.87 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.21 I tend to be late for appointments because I am hooked on the phone when I shouldn’t be. | 1.70 | 1.57 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.22 I get mad if I need to turn off the cell phone in class, at meal times, or at the movies. | 1.70 | 1.66 | 10 | 1 | .936 |
| P.23 I have been told that I spend too much time on the phone. | 2.22 | 2.16 | 10 | 1 | .935 |
| P.24 I have been in trouble more than once because my phone rang during class, at the movies, or at the theatre. | 2.20 | 2.12 | 10 | 1 | .937 |
| P.25 My friends don’t like it if my phone is turned off. | 2.78 | 2.49 | 10 | 1 | .938 |
| P.26 I feel lost without the phone. | 2.74 | 2.36 | 10 | 1 | .935 |
| SUM | 68.9 | 36.89 | 260 | 26 |
Average values, standard deviations, and ranges by item and total sum are presented. Cronbach’s alpha is presented by item assuming that one part was omitted.