Table 5. Between-group differences between before and after intervention for CRT, IMT and QoL.
| Outcome variables | Combined PR group (n=30) | Single IMT group (n=30) | Control group (n=30) | P1 | P2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Before | After | Before | After | |||||
| CRT & IMT | ||||||||||
| 6-MWD (m) | 477.2±102.8 | 513.8±98.0 | 470.3±89.0 | 476.5±86.5 | 496.8±86.0 | 500.8±82.3 | 0.002 | 0.740 | ||
| Fatigue score | 1.5±1.1 | 1.4±0.6 | 1.5±1.3 | 1.4±1.3 | 1.4±1.1 | 1.5±0.8 | 0.485 | 0.389 | ||
| Dyspnea score | 1.1±1.2 | 0.8±1.0 | 1.1±1.5 | 1.1±1.3 | 1.1±0.9 | 1.2±0.7 | 0.110 | 0.470 | ||
| PEF (L/min) | 390.3±115.8 | 420.3±113.2 | 386.0±95.2 | 401.7±85.9 | 383.0±105.7 | 382.7±106.3 | 0.001 | 0.127 | ||
| FEV1 (L) | 2.2±0.6 | 2.3±0.6 | 2.3±0.8 | 2.3±0.8 | 2.1±0.5 | 2.2±0.7 | 0.790 | 0.522 | ||
| FVC (L) | 3.2±0.7 | 3.2±0.7 | 3.2±0.8 | 3.3±0.9 | 3.0±0.6 | 3.1±0.7 | 0.373 | 0.414 | ||
| DlCO, mL/min/mmHg | 22.5±4.1 | 22.8±4.8 | 21.6±4.9 | 21.8±4.8 | 22.0±4.1 | 22.5±4.7 | 0.265 | 0.463 | ||
| QoL evaluation | ||||||||||
| Global QoL* | 71.9±13.8 | 74.2±12.1 | 68.1±14.0 | 70.0±13.9 | 68.9±11.8 | 67.5±11.9 | 0.035 | 0.144 | ||
| Physical function* | 88.9±6.4 | 90.0±6.3 | 89.1±7.7 | 89.3±7.9 | 88.0±6.4 | 87.6±6.9 | 0.229 | 0.571 | ||
| Emotional function* | 85.0±9.6 | 90.0±7.7 | 85.8±9.1 | 87.2±8.7 | 83.9±11.6 | 87.8±9.0 | 0.590 | 0.816 | ||
| Dyspnea score† | 15.6± 19.0 | 8.9±15.0 | 14.4±18.9 | 10.0±17.8 | 8.9±15.0 | 13.3±16.6 | 0.840 | 0.186 | ||
*, higher scores indicate better functioning (scaled from 0–100); †, lower scores indicate less dyspnea (scaled from 0–100). P1: P value of ∆after-before in combined PR group vs. control group; P2: P value of ∆after-before in single IMT group vs. control group. CRT, conventional resistance training; IMT, inspiratory muscle training; 6-MWD, 6-min walk distance; PEF, peak expiratory flow; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; DLCO, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide of the lung; QoL, quality of life.