Table 2.

Brain regions that exhibited significantly lower gray matter volume in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) group than in the typical developing group.

			Coordinates
Area	Region	BA	x	y	z	Z-value	Cluster size (mm3)	PALM p-value
Lateral occipital–temporal	R. Inferior occipital gyrus	19	50	–75	–3	4.12	15623	0.017
	R. Inferior temporal gyrus	20	53	–51	–11	3.89		0.022
	R. Middle temporal gyrus	20	71	–41	–9	3.48		0.024
	R. Middle temporal gyrus	22	66	–41	3	3.41		0.030
	R. Middle temporal gyrus	21	69	–29	–3	3.23		0.030
Ventral temporal–limbic	L. Fusiform gyrus	37	–33	–50	–5	3.19	10702	0.058	+
	L. Amygdala	–	–18	3	–14	3.21		0.080	+
Limbic	R. Amygdala	–	29	–12	–32	3.50	10800	0.045
	R. Parahippocampal gyrus	20	33	–11	–29	3.20		0.048
Lateral prefrontal	R. Middle frontal gyrus	9	36	27	53	3.31	7830	0.043
	R. Middle frontal gyrus	46	27	53	32	3.70		0.036
Medial prefrontal	R. Supplementary motor area	6	11	6	48	3.79	21769	0.025
	L. Middle cingulate gyrus	32	–11	9	42	4.50		0.017
	R. Middle cingulate gyrus	32	12	18	41	3.78		0.034
	L. Medial superior frontal gyrus	8	–3	33	50	3.77		0.011
	L. Anterior cingulate gyrus	32	–12	33	29	2.89		0.035
	L. Middle frontal gyrus	9	–23	35	44	2.64		0.040
	L. Medial superior frontal gyrus	32	–8	41	38	3.92		0.010
	R. Medial orbital gyrus	11	17	50	–2	3.15		0.053	+

R, Right; L, Left; BA, Brodmann’s area; PALM, Permutation Analysis of Linear Models. ⁺Marginally significant (significant voxels were detected in adjacent regions).