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. 2017 Aug 3;7:7243. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07412-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Empirical paths in the human brain (panel (a)) and the illustration of paths conforming to the policies identified by our measurements (panel (b)). A path is hierarchically conform (CH) if does not contain a large-small-large pattern forming a “valley” anywhere in its closeness centrality sequence (green and yellow paths in panel (b)). An upstream path contains at least one step towards the core of the network (yellow paths), while in downstream paths the closeness centrality monotonically decreases (green paths). The underlying faded network in panel (b) is only for illustration purposes, where smaller radial coordinate of a node indicates higher closeness centrality.