Table 1.
Language profile for bilingual participants in all experiments
| Self-Ratings for Language 1 | Self-Ratings for Language 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Experiment 1 | |||
| Daily use | 64.33% (15.91) | Daily use | 32.67% (15.91) |
| Daily reading | 71.43% (29.92) | Daily reading | 25.71% (24.14) |
| Age of acquisition | 0.33 (0.90) | Age of acquisition | 7.40 (4.39) |
| Age fluent | 6.07 (3.65) | Age fluent | 12.43 (6.24) |
| Proficiencya | Proficiencya | ||
| Speaking | 9.80 (0.41) | Speaking | 7.00 (1.57) |
| Understanding | 9.73 (0.46) | Understanding | 7.66 (1.80) |
| Reading | 9.60 (0.63) | Reading | 5.93 (2.40) |
| Experiment 2 | |||
| Daily use | 83.33% (12.80) | Daily use | 15.83% (13.05) |
| Daily reading | 89.17% (13.96) | Daily reading | 10.56% (13.81) |
| Age of acquisition | 0.56 (1.62) | Age of acquisition | 7.11 (4.19) |
| Age fluent | 3.28 (3.37) | Age fluent | 10.31 (4.44) |
| Proficiencya | Proficiencya | ||
| Speaking | 9.44 (0.78) | Speaking | 7.89 (1.45) |
| Understanding | 9.72 (0.46) | Understanding | 8.56 (1.33) |
| Reading | 9.61 (0.70) | Reading | 7.56 (1.92) |
| Experiment 3 | |||
| Daily use | 71.37% (17.12) | Daily use | 28.62% (17.12) |
| Daily reading | 76.93% (24.40) | Daily reading | 23.07% (24.34) |
| Age of acquisition | 1.24 (3.12) | Age of acquisition | 6.59 (5.48) |
| Age fluent | 5.41 (4.66) | Age fluent | 10.53 (6.03) |
| Proficiencya | Proficiencya | ||
| Speaking | 9.53 (0.65) | Speaking | 7.19 (1.96) |
| Understanding | 9.83 (0.47) | Understanding | 8.10 (2.23) |
| Reading | 9.62 (0.72) | Reading | 7.00 (2.51) |
a
Self-ratings for proficiency questions are based on a 10-point scale.
Note: Standard deviations are in parentheses.