Table 1. Summary of Main NIR and IR Absorption Bands of Radical Cationsa.
Q-band |
P1 band |
P2 band |
C≡C stretch |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | εmax [M–1 cm–1] | f | νmax [cm–1] | εmax [M–1 cm–1] | f | νmax [cm–1] | εmax [M–1 cm–1] | f | νmax [cm–1] | εmax [M–1 cm–1] | f |
l-P2+• | 2.2 × 104 | 0.05 | 3907 | 5.1 × 104 | 0.53 | 10511 | 9.3 × 104 | 0.37 | 2079 | 1.9 × 104 | 0.0041 |
l-P3+• | 5.2 × 104 | 0.19 | 3599 | 5.9 × 104 | 0.54 | 9961 | 1.3 × 105 | 0.61 | 2061 | 4.6 × 104 | 0.0072 |
l-P4+• | 7.7 × 104 | 0.39 | 3332 | 5.7 × 104 | 0.61 | 9813 | 1.2 × 105 | 0.50 | 2055 | 6.3 × 104 | 0.0132 |
l-P5+• | 1.4 × 105 | 0.85 | 3387 | 7.7 × 104 | 1.01 | 9733 | 1.4 × 105 | 0.68 | 2057 | 5.3 × 104 | 0.0114 |
l-P6+• | 1.9 × 105 | 1.33 | 3506 | 5.9 × 104 | 0.77 | 9749 | 1.2 × 105 | 0.69 | 2057 | 4.6 × 104 | 0.0099 |
c-P6+• | – | – | 3330 | 3.6 × 104 | 0.32 | 9071 | 4.6 × 104 | 0.26 | 2032 | 5.5 × 104 | 0.0220 |
c-P6·T6+• | – | – | 2197 | 1.2 × 105 | 0.54 | 8669 | 7.3 × 104 | 0.35 | 2180 | – | – |
t-P12·(T6)2+• | – | – | 2165 | 7.6 × 104 | 0.62 | 8944 | 4.1 × 104 | 0.17 | 2150 | – | – |
Experimental conditions: spectroelectrochemistry in CH2Cl2/Bu4NPF6 at room temperature. νmax is the energy of the absorption maximum; εmax is the peak molar absorption coefficient and f is the oscillator strength from the area of the absorption band: f = 4.319 × 10–9 ∫ ε dν. Experimental errors are difficult to quantify due to the complexity of the curve-resolution process, but we estimate that values of νmax are accurate to ±100 cm–1; values of εmax and f have uncertainties of about 20%; “–” means not determined.