Table 1. Characteristics of AZA+ group and AZA− group.
| Parameter | AZA + | AZA − | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 23 | 97 | – |
| Male sex | 18 (78%) | 58 (60%) | ns |
| Age at onset (years) | 54±11 | 45±18 | 0.043 |
| Follow-up (years) | 4.9±4.1 | 2.7±3 | 0.005 |
| Drop-out | 0% | 15% | 0.07 |
| Drinkers | 4/21 (19%) | 27/93 (29%) | ns |
| Smokers | 5/21 (24%) | 24/92 (24%) | ns |
| AIP type (according to the ICDC) | |||
| Type 1 AIP | 20 (87%) | 50 (51%) | 0.006 |
| Type 2 AIP | 0 | 19 (20%) | |
| AIP-NOS | 3 (13%) | 28 (29%) | |
| Enlargement of pancreas | |||
| Focal | 11 (48%) | 53 (55%) | ns |
| Diffuse | 12 (52%) | 44 (45%) | |
| Symptom at clinical onset | |||
| Acute pancreatitis | 3 (13%) | 27 (28%) | ns |
| Jaundice | 18 (78%) | 35 (36%) | <0.0001 |
| Body weight loss | 20/22 (91%) | 63/92 (68%) | 0.035 |
| Diabetes | 4 (17%) | 10 (10%) | ns |
| Steatorrhoea | 1 (4%) | 5 (5%) | ns |
| Elevated sIgG4 at onset (>135 mg/dl) | 17/21 (74%) | 42/84 (50%) | 0.013 |
| sIgG4 at onset (mg/dl) | 758±625 | 311±409 | <0.001 |
| Other organ involvement (OOI) | 19 (83%) | 47 (48%) | 0.002 |
| Bile duct | 12 (52%) | 17 (17%) | <0.0001 |
| Kidney | 8 (35%) | 4 (4%) | <0.0001 |
| Salivary glands | 4 (17%) | 3 (3%) | 0.025 |
| Colon | 1 (4%) | 26 (27%) | 0.024 |
| Retroperitoneal fibrosis | 0 | 4 (4%) | ns |
| >1 | 5 (22%) | 7 (7%) | 0.052 |
| Steroid treatment at clinical onset | 23 (100%) | 91 (94%) | ns |
| Recurrences a | |||
| 0 | 5 (22%) | 83 (86%) | <0.0001 |
| 1 | 13 (56%) | 11 (11%) | |
| >1 | 5 (22%) | 3 (3%) | |
AIP, autoimmune pancreatitis; AZA, azathioprine; ICDC, International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria; NOS, not otherwise specified; ns, not specofied.
a
For AZA+ group only recurrences before immunosuppressant treatment were considered.