Table 1. Individual clinical characteristics of the 22 patients with NCWS included in the study.
| Case | IBS kind | Extraintestinal symptoms | HLA DQ2/DQ8, yes/no | Duodenal histology | AGA IgG/IgA | Colon eos. infiltration | CD family history | Associated diseases | Other food intolerances |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | IBS-A | None | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Positives | Yes | No | Allergic rhinitis | Cow’s milk |
| 2 | IBS-D | Oligomenorrhea Headache Tiredness Foggy mind Numbness Oral aphtosis | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | Yes | No | None | Cow’s milk |
| 3 | IBS-D | Oral aphtous Arthritis | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | No | Yes | Ankylosing spondylitis Hashimoto disease | None |
| 4 | IBS-D | None | No | Marsh 1 | Negatives | No | No | Sarcoidosis Osteoporosis | Onion |
| 5 | IBS-C | None | No | Marsh 0 | Negatives | No | No | Allergic rhinitis | None |
| 6 | IBS-D | Headache Tiredness Foggy mind Numbness Anaemia | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | No | Yes | None | None |
| 7 | IBS-A | Headache Tiredness Foggy mind Numbness Obesity Oligomenorrhea | No | Marsh 1 | Positives | No | No | None | None |
| 8 | IBS-D | None | DQ2 | Marsh 0 | Negatives | No | No | None | Cow’s Milk |
| 9 | IBS-A | Anemia Dyspepsia | No | Marsh 1 | Positives | Yes | No | Lichen planus | Cow’s milk |
| 10 | IBS-D | Hematochezia | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | Yes | No | Asthma | None |
| 11 | IBS-C | Oligomenorrhea | No | Marsh 0 | Negatives | No | No | None | None |
| 12 | IBS-A | Artrhalgia Sicca syndrome | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | Yes | No | Lichen | Cow’s Milk, egg, tomato, chocolate |
| 13 | IBS-D | Anemia | DQ2 | Marsh 0 | Negatives | Yes | Yes | Allergic rhinitis and asthma Lactose intolerance | Cow’s milk |
| 14 | IBS-C | Anemia Hypermenorrhea Headache Tiredness Foggy mind | DQ2 | Marsh 0 | Negatives | No | No | None | None |
| 15 | IBS-D | Headache Tiredness Foggy mind Numbness Artrhalgias | DQ8 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | No | No | None | None |
| 16 | IBS-D | Polymenorrhea Aphtosis | DQ2 | Marsh 0 | Negatives | No | Yes | None | Cow’s milk, egg |
| 17 | IBS-D | None | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | Yes | No | None | Egg |
| 18 | IBS-A | Vomit Arthralgia Raynaud | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | Yes | No | Orticaria | Cow’s milk |
| 19 | IBS-A | None | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Positives | No | No | None | Cow’s milk |
| 20 | IBS-A | Anemia | No | Marsh 1 | Positives | No | No | None | None |
| 21 | IBS-D | Tiredness Foggy mind Numbness Aphtosis | DQ2 | Marsh 1 | Negatives | Yes | No | Recurrent vaginitis | Cow’s milk |
| 22 | IBS-A | None | No | Marsh 1 | Positives | No | No | None | Cow’s milk |
AGA, antigliadin antibodies; CD, celiac disease; eos., eosinophils; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; IBS-A, IBS with alternating bowel movements; I IBS-C, IBS-constipation; BS-D, IBS-diarrhea; IgA/IgG, immunoglobulin A/G; NCWS, non-celiac wheat-sensitivity.
Intraepithelial colon eosinophil infiltration was defined according to our previous study (reference 31) as: a number of eosinophils >4 × high power fields.