Table 1. Clinical features of patients and controls.

	Test set	Validation set				Control set
	n =6	n =64	Average	BARHL2 gene methylation (%)	P -value	n =32	Average	BARHL2 gene methylation (%)	P -value
Age			71.3±8.4	28.4±13.0	0.39		55.4±17.5	8.1±3.6	0.78
Male	3	47	70.2±8.3	29.3±13.4		21	56.0±17.8	8.7±3.7
Female	3	17	74.4±8.0	25.9±11.8		11	54.2±17.6	7.1±3.4
Endoscopic appearance
Polypoid	0	5		28.4±14.6
Slightly elevated	6	29		27.3±13.3
Flat	0	1		14.0±0
Slightly depressed	0	29		29.9±12.7
Histology (adenocarcinoma)					0.91
Well differentiated	6	44		28.1±13.0
Moderately differentiated	0	20		29.1±13.3
Stage					NA
I	6	64		28.4±13.0
II/III/IV	0	0		NA
Helicobacter pylori infection					0.63				0.73
Positive	3	43		28.9±13.6		11		8.5±2.9
Negative	3	21		27.2±11.8		21		8.0±4.0
Locations (stomach)					0.14
Upper body	0	11		22.6±12.1
Middle/lower body	6	53		29.6±13.0
Atrophy					NA				0.13
Non-atrophy	0	0		NA		18		9.0±3.9
Closed type	0	18		25.4±13.0	0.21	6		6.2±3.7	0.42
Open type	6	46		29.5±13.0		8		7.6±2.5
Intestinal metaplasia					0.38				0.76
Positive	0	54		29.0±13.4		4		8.7±3.1
Negative	6	10		24.9±10.5		28		8.1±3.7
Tumor size (square measure)			341.3±611.0		0.72
<341.3	6	48	108.4±96.9	28.6±13.3
≥341.3	0	16	1040.0±919.1	27.7±12.4

BARHL2, BarH-like 2 homeobox protein; NA, not applicable.