Table 2.
Cytotoxicity and protein kinase inhibition of different solvent extracts of Q. dilatata
| Samples | Brine shrimp cytotoxicity (μg/ml) | THP-1 cytotoxicity (μg/ml) | Hep G2 cytotoxicity (μg/ml) | Isolated lymphocytes | Protein kinase inhibition (μg/disc) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % mortality | LC50 | % inhibition | IC50 | % inhibition | IC50 | % inhibition | IC50 | Diameter (mm) at 100 μg/disc | MIC | ||
| 200 | 20 | 20 | 20 | Clear zone | Bald zone | ||||||
| NH | 33.6 ± 2.5a | >200 | 22.32 ± 2.41c | > 20 | 46.73 ± 0.85 a | >20 | 8.76 ± 1.12 | >20 | -- | 7 ± 0.15c | -- |
| C | 80.00 ± 0.49b | 96.45 ± 0.98 | 14.24 ± 1.77a | > 20 | 43.20 ± 1.56 a | >20 | 10.43 ± 2.56 | >20 | -- | 25 ± 0.2a | 12.5 |
| A | 42.5 ± 0.94b | >200 | 82.43 ± 1.68 | 3.88 ± 0.53 | 41.20 ± 1.56 a | >20 | 14.43 ± 1.21 | >20 | -- | 8 ± 0.47 | -- |
| EtA | 80.0 ± 0.47a | 77.7 ± 1.14 | 38.42 ± 2.13b | > 20 | 38.03 ± 2.28 b | >20 | 12.43 ± 1.43 | >20 | -- | 7 ± 0.39c | -- |
| Et | 50.0 ± 1.25c | >200 | 47.25 ± 2.99 | > 20 | 41.32 a ± 2.56 b | >20 | 15.21 ± 1.22 | >20 | -- | 27 ± 0.47a | 12.5 |
| CE | 91.5 ± 0.94 c | 49.62 ± 0.22 | 19.56 ± 3.22 | > 20 | 9.72 ± 0.87 | >20 | 13.87 ± 2.12 | >20 | -- | 9 ± 0.52b | -- |
| CM | 100.0 ± 1.70a | 34.54 ± 0.16 | 21.56 ± 2.87 | > 20 | 28.27 ± 0.85 | >20 | 6.65 ± 1.54 | >20 | -- | 7 ± 0.21 | -- |
| EEt | 100.0 ± 0.94 | 81.4 ± 0.17 | 43.12 ± 3.18 | > 20 | 42.79 ± 0.76 a | >20 | 5.86 ± 1.01 | >20 | -- | 9 ± 0.15 | -- |
| MEt | 80.30 ± 2.36 | 69.9 ± 0.18 | 71.5 ± 4.11 | 5.59 ± 0.25 | 23.51 ± 1.54 | >20 | 14.76 ± 2.22 | >20 | -- | 10 ± 0.41b | -- |
| E | 100.0 ± 0.94a | 86.62 ± 1.35 | 82.52 ± 1.45b | 4.95 ± 0.53 | 42.30 ± 1.12 a | >20 | 12.87 ± 1.12 | >20 | -- | 26 ± 0.42a | 12.5 |
| DA | 82.40 ± 1.25 | 49.1 ± 1.18 | 62.85 ± 2.45 | 9.24 ± 0.53 | 26.21 ± 1.21 | >20 | 16.34 ± 4.45 | >20 | -- | 8 ± 0.35 | -- |
| M | 91.50 ± 1.70 | 71.0 ± 0.74 | 22.53 ± 0.83a | > 20 | 45.50 ± 1.43 a | >20 | 18.45 ± 3.98 | >20 | -- | 28 ± 0.35a | 12.5 |
| DM | 80.50 ± 1.70 | 92.3 ± 1.70 | 42.54 ± 2.45 | > 20 | 9.64 ± 0.76 c | >20 | 22.54 ± 5.16 | >20 | -- | 8 ± 0.35 | -- |
| D | 90.0 ± 1.70 | 78.4 ± 1.70 | 48.54 ± 0.83a | > 20 | -- | >20 | 12.11 ± 1.15 | >20 | -- | 9 ± 0.55 | -- |
| Doxorubicin | 100 | 5.93 | 98 ± 0.18 | 5.1 | |||||||
| 5-Florouracil | 100 | 5 | |||||||||
| Vincristine | 100 | 8.1 | 73.45 ± 1.56 | 6.66 ± 0.22 | |||||||
| Surfactin | 30 ± 1.02 | ||||||||||
| DMSO | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||
| 1% DMSO in PBS/sea water | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation of triplicate analysis. --: no activity. a-c means difference is highly significant, slightly significant, significant at p < 0.05