Figure 2. Alterations in metabolic characteristics accompany T cell differentiation.
Naïve T cells, upon antigen encounter, undergo activation and differentiate into TSCM, TCM and effector T cells. This differentiation is marked by the expression of various cell surface markers and transcription factors along with profound alterations in cellular metabolic pathways. In general, T cell activation and differentiation is characterized by increased reliance on glycolysis and mitochondrial membrane potential. These metabolic pathways are critical to mediate effector function of T cells responding to infection and cancer.