Table 4. Sensitivity, positive predictive value and specificity of clinical features for PSP.
| Clinical features | Sensitivity for | PPV for PSP | Spec. for PSP | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSP | CBD | MSA-P | PD | FTLD-bvFTD | |||
| Ocular Motor Dysfunction | |||||||
| Supranuclear gaze palsy | 70.9% | 14.8% | 7.8% | 11.3% | 2.7% | 88% | 91% |
| Supranuclear gaze palsy within 3 years | 29.6% | 9.3% | 2.0% | 3.8% | 0% | 88% | 97% |
| Abnormal saccades | 65.5% | 25.9% | 21.6% | 7.5% | 6.8% | 80% | 85% |
| Abnormal saccades within 3 years | 30.6% | 13.0% | 7.8% | 1.9% | 2.7% | 82% | 94% |
| Nonspecific ocular symptoms | 35.9% | 11.1% | 2.0% | 5.7% | 5.5% | 84% | 94% |
| Postural Instability | |||||||
| Postural Instability | 82.0% | 48.1% | 90.2% | 75.5% | 16.4% | 58% | 46% |
| Postural Instability within 3 years | 53.9% | 20.1% | 45.1% | 11.3% | 5.5% | 72% | 81% |
| Postural Instability within 1 year | 44.7% | 13% | 23.5% | 5.7% | 1.4% | 74% | 90% |
| Falls | 78.6% | 37.0% | 66.7% | 66.0% | 8.2% | 64% | 59% |
| Falls within 3 years | 51.0% | 16.7% | 29.4% | 7.5% | 5.5% | 77% | 86% |
| Falls within 1 year | 37.4% | 11.1% | 13.7% | 3.8% | 0% | 84% | 94% |
| Akinesia | |||||||
| Parkinsonism, akinetic-rigid, predominantly axial & levodopa-resistant | 28.6% | 7.4% | 9.8% | 7.5% | 8.2% | 76% | 92% |
| Parkinsonism, with tremor and/or asymmetric and/or levodopa-responsive | 44.2% | 38.9% | 78.4% | 86.8% | 21.9% | 43% | 47% |
| Progressive gait freezing within 3 years | 1.9% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 100% |
| Cognitive Dysfunction | |||||||
| Non-fluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia | 18.9% | 27.8% | 0% | 1.9% | 16.4% | 58% | 88% |
| Non-fluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia within 3 years | 9.2% | 20.4% | 0% | 0% | 12.3% | 49% | 91% |
| Apraxia of speech | 4.4% | 18.5% | 0% | 3.8% | 2.7% | 39% | 94% |
| Apraxia of speech within 3 years | 1.0% | 7.4% | 0 (0% | 0 (0% | 2.7% | 25% | 97% |
| Frontal dysfunction | 57% | 66.7% | 21.6% | 28.3% | 86.8% | 50% | 46% |
| Frontal dysfunction within 3 years | 30% | 40.7% | 3.9% | 7.5% | 79.5% | 45% | 63% |
| Corticobasal Syndrome | |||||||
| at least one of limb rigidity/akinesia/ dystonia/myoclonus + at least one of apraxia/cortical sensory deficit/alien limb | 12.6% | 22.2% | 2.0% | 1.9% | 2.7% | 62% | 93% |
| Bulbar Dysfunction | |||||||
| Dysarthia | 69.4% | 35.2% | 66.7% | 66.0% | 26.0% | 57% | 54% |
| Dysarthia within 3 years | 32.5% | 14.8% | 21.6% | 11.3% | 17.8% | 64% | 84% |
| Dysphagia | 65.0% | 37.0% | 62.7% | 43.4% | 41.1% | 56% | 55% |
| Dysphagia within 3 years | 23.8% | 11.1% | 11.8% | 5.7% | 20.5% | 62% | 87% |
Sensitivity, PPV, and specificity of selected symptoms in the clinico-pathological cohort of patients with PSP, CBD, MSA-P, and FTLD-bvFTD. Data are %.
Abbreviations: PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; CBD, corticobasal degeneration; MSA-P, multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonism; PD, Parkinson's disease; FTLD, frontotemporal lobar degeneration; bvFTD, behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia; PPV, positive predictive value; Spec., specificity.